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I. Taking the main system of N.W. faults, the writer has counted 

 faults dipping north to an extent of 330 fathoms, and rising north an 

 amount of 5 10 fathoms. The average amount of throw for the faults is not 

 far different in the two directions, viz. about 23 to 25 fathoms; but the 

 result will place the north end of the field fully 180 fathoms above the 

 south end so far as this system of faults has affected it. 



Taking the other system of faults, there are throws dipping xiOX\h to an 

 amount of 280 fathoms, and rising r\ox\h to an amount of 160 fathoms. 

 Those throws which dip north have a preponderance of about 120 

 fathoms. 



It will be readily understood that these figures are but very rough 

 approximations ; the larger faults only are taken in each case, and these 

 vary so enormously in even short distances, that it is difficult to give 

 anything more than a rough guess at the average value of each. 



2. The question of cleat or grain in coal is one which has given 

 rise to a great deal of discussion, and the writer will not hazard an 

 opinion upon this point. It is, however, a fact that in a majority of 

 instances the main N.W. system of faults appears to have determined the 

 level lines in the coal, and consequently in the beds above and below the 

 coal. 



3. In the immediate neighbourhood of Whitehaven the valleys 

 appear curiously to follow the lines of fault. The main valley in which 

 the town lies is connected with the great 40 fathom dyke underneath 

 the town, and the Aikbank valley just north of the town follows along 

 the line of the 60 fathom " Davy Pit Dyke." Whether this be true of 

 the rest of West Cumberland the writer hopes to hear this morning. 



4. It is to be observed that the principal direction of most of the 

 pockets of hematite in the Cleator district appears to conform in a 

 curious way with that of one of these systems of faults, and also that the 

 Lake Valleys themselves (and consequently the lakes) show the same 

 tendency to arrange themselves along the same lines of direction. 



5. The faults here referred to exhibit great variety of behaviour 

 where they meet, but the general result appears to be that the N.W, 



