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the rubbish away at Wellington Pit, I was struck with the resem- 

 blance it bore to the appearance of the finer drift in these 

 escarpments. It would appear that the material had been dropped 

 into the sea by icebergs in masses, and then partly arranged by 

 the currents. 



As we proceed to Sea Cote, still further northwards, the drift 

 has been influenced by the Rottington Valley. The rocks from 

 that valley being mostly Saint Bees sandstone (Permian), we have 

 red clay and sandstone gravels predominating, but deposited as 

 irregularly as before. 



I have omitted to describe the thick red conglomeratic clay, 

 on which the rough drift reposes at Sea Mill. Its surface dips 

 seawards, and is eroded into grooves evidently by ice action. 



A great deal of red sandstone debris exists in the clay, which 

 rests on the Saint Bees sandstone, whose surface has been at some 

 time exposed to the same denuding and grooving action. The 

 flanks and head of the valley are comparatively clear of drift, if we 

 except the Scalegill Valley, where there is an immense gut or gully 

 filled with drift, between the red sandstone at Hole House and the 

 carboniferous limestone at Shaw House, on the edge of Bigrigg 

 Moor. If we allow this gut to have been filled subsequently to 

 the moraine-like mounds at Sea Mill, we would have a clear and 

 uninterrupted course for the wash or for the action of glaciers over 

 the northern edge of the Cleator Moor coal field. This is the 

 only explanation that seems plausible, and whereby we can 

 account for Mussel Bed and other rocks in the drift found at Saint 

 Bees. 



I would invite some of my audience to examine for themselves 

 the cliff on the edge of the Keekle river, near Moor Row Engine 

 Works, and also the railway cutting at Scalegill, in confirmation of 

 this theory. 



This paper was illustrated by the aid of a model and sections of Saint 

 Bees Valley, specimens of rocks from the drift, and organic remains from the 

 vegetable matter. 



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