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animals only the Bos /ongifrons, a species of ox: it is doubtful if he 
had the goat ; he had not the dog. He ground his grain with stones, 
and the sand and grit got into the meal, and wore his teeth down 
to the gum. He had toothache badly, as the condition of his 
jaws shows. Dr. Thurnam thinks he was a cannibal: Canon 
Greenwell and Professor Rolleston repudiate the slander. When 
he died, the man of the long head was buried in a long mound or 
barrow. (Recollect that long heads and long barrows go together: 
round heads and round barrows.) That long barrow was also the 
place of sepulchre for his wife, or wives, and children. With him 
were deposited certain earthen vessels, and implements of stone 
and bone, apparently made new for the occasion. This may prove 
that he had some belief in a future state, in which he would require 
these things. 
Several of these long barrows are to be found in Cumberland: 
there is a fine one at Gilsland ; another, called Sampson’s Bratful, 
on Stockdale Moor. Stone implements have been found at many 
places in Cumberland—e.g. Keswick, Carlisle, Castle Carrock, 
Great Salkeld, Hallguards, Birdoswald, Irthington, Kirkoswald, 
Lazonby Fell, Melmerby, Ousby Moor, Penrith Beacon, Plumpton, 
Red Dial, Wigton, Solway Moss, &c. 
Thus we possess proof that Cumberland was once inhabited 
by a dolicho cephalic race, which knew not the use of metal. 
How long these dolicho-cephalic men dwelt in this district is 
hard to tell. Canon Greenwell won’t hazard a conjecture as to 
when they began; but they were intruded upon by another race, and 
possibly somewhere about the year 1000 before Christ. The new 
comer was a round-headed, or drachy-cephalic man, who buried his 
dead in round barrows. Compared with the long-headed man, the 
round-headed man was a very ugly customer. His bones prove 
him to have been bigger (his average stature over 5ft. 8in.), thicker, 
and more muscular: he had broad jaws, turned up nose, high 
cheek bones, wide mouth, and eyes deep sunk under beetling 
brows that overhung them like a pent house—the superciliary 
ridges on his skull tell us that. He had arms and implements of 
bronze. He had learnt to domesticate the goat and the dog, as 
