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well as the Bos dongifrons, the only animal which the long-headed 
man had succeeded in taming. He soon asserted his supremacy 
over the long-heads—he did not annihilate them. In the round 
barrows of the round-heads both long and round skulls appear ; 
and in the later round barrows the skulls begin to appear occasion- 
ally of an intermediate shape: this shows that the round-headed 
man with the bronze weapons probably enslaved the long-headed 
man with the stone weapons, and took the long-headed women for 
his wives. The language of the round-headed man swallowed up 
the language of the long-headed. 
This was the Bronze Age, when man had advanced to the 
knowledge of weapons and implements made of bronze: these did 
not wholly supersede stone weapons and implements, for the poor 
man would continue to use the cheaper articles. 
Many relics of this round-headed man of the Bronze Age 
have been found in Cumberland ; and his round barrows exist in 
many places in Cumberland and Westmorland: Canon Greenwell 
has opened ones at Castle Carrock, in this county, and at Kirkby 
Stephen, Warcop, Asby, Crosby Garrett, Crosby Ravensworth, and 
Orton, in Westmorland. Many still remain untouched, so far 
as known, in Cumberland, on Burnsmoor, on Ulpha Fell, 
Seatallan, Bewcastle, and many other places. 
Both these races of men have left other traces behind them 
than their graves; but I have only mentioned their graves, 
because the graves yield us the most information. The stone 
circles, common in these two counties, are now found to be the 
remnants of destroyed burial places, probably first raised in the 
Bronze period, but afterwards used by later comers. Other remains 
they have left—traces of their dwelling places: these it is difficult 
to assign to their proper period, for race after race would succes- 
sively seize on the same spots for their dwellings. No doubt the 
round-headed man with the bronze weapons, after enslaving the 
long-headed man, and appropriating his women, would not hesitate 
to steal his home. 
By the kindness of Mr. Clifton Ward, I have here a very 
interesting map of the Lake District, on which he has marked in 
