d8 
as those he got by Lucia de Romara, for the Earldom of Chester. 
The Crown pacified Lucia’s son William by handing over to 
him all his mother’s possessions, except the Barony of Kendal, and 
the land between it and the Earldom of Carlisle. 
Now the Crown had discovered that the policy of entrusting 
the defence of its borders and marches to great Earls, who enjoyed 
jura regalia was a very bad policy for the Crown, who found these 
great Earls hard to control. Thus it came to pass that no new 
Earl of Carlisle, or Carleolum, was appointed; and so no county 
palatinate of Carleolum, an zmperium in imperio, with its own barons 
and courts, like those of Durham and Cheshire, has come down to 
us. The Earldom of Carleolum, the Barony of Kendal, and the 
strip that intervened between them, were handed over to sheriffs, 
to rule over, and divided into the two counties of Carliol 
and Westmorland ; and these counties are accounted for by their 
sheriffs in the Pipe Roll of the 31 Henry I. (A.D. 1130) under 
these names. 
To form these two counties the Earldom of Carleolum 
was split into two. The Barony of Appleby, now the East and 
West Wards of Westmorland, was taken from the Earldom of 
Carliol, and added to the Barony of Kendal, and formed into the 
County of Westmorland. 
What remained of the Earldom of Carliol was, with small 
additions, which brought its southern boundary to the Duddon, 
formed into the County of Carleolum, which in the Pipe Rolls of 
23 Henry II. (1177) first appears as the “County of Cumberland,” 
and that designation it has ever since retained. 
To sum up. The English invasion of Britain left a kingdom 
of Strathclyde or Cumbria, which once stretched from the Dee to 
the Clyde, but which got somewhat contracted in its southern 
borders. | Gospatric, Earl of Northumberland, tore away the . 
southern portion of this kingdom, and Dolphin, his son, got the 
portion so torn away. William Rufus turned out Dolphin, and 
Henry I. gave it as the Earldom of Carleolum to Ranulph de 
Meschines. Ranulph de Meschines surrendered the Earldom, and 
