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the summer of 1877 there were many all over England. The two 
I now exhibit were taken at Bellevue and near Sandsfield, in the 
month of August. They were about from the end of June till the 
end of September. I have only seen one specimen this season— 
at Little Orton, in July—and have taken one of the variety of 
edusa called Helice; it was much shattered and not worth setting. 
Argynnis Aglaia (Dark Green Fritillary).—I have found large 
numbers of this butterfly on the sandhills at Silloth; also at Orton, 
Newby Cross, and Newbiggin. They are not readily taken on the 
wing, but may be captured when settled on beds of the common 
thistle. July and August. 
Argynnis Selene (Small Pearl Bordered Fritillary).—This is a 
very common species at Orton, Newby Cross, and the Newbiggin 
woods from the middle of June till the end of August. I have 
one very fine variety, taken at Orton, which, instead of being a 
rich brown, is of a dingy white colour. 
Melitea Artemis (Greasy Fritillary).—Less common in other 
parts of England than here. I have bred large numbers from the 
larvee collected at Orton and Newby Cross, and sent thousands of 
the larvze to different parts of England and Ireland. The collectors 
in Ireland are trying to establish them there, and so far have been 
successful. The eggs are laid in the month of July in the Devil’s 
Bit Scabious ; in about fourteen days they are hatched, feed for a 
short time, and then spin a light silky sort of cocoon, in which 
they pass the winter, crawling out in the early part of April, and 
being full-grown by the middle of May; they are in the pupa state 
about fourteen days. 
Vanessa Urticae (Small Tortoiseshell Vanessa), Vanessa Lo 
(Peacock), Vanessa Atalanta (Red Admiral).—All these are very 
common around Carlisle ; the larvee feeding on the stinging-nettle. 
For a few years the Peacock was not seen here, but I brought a 
large brood of the larvae from Durham, and turned them out on a 
bed of nettles near Prior Wood, and since then the butterfly has 
been plentiful in this neighbourhood. 
Vanessa Antiopa (Camberwell Beauty).—I once took a female 
of this species at Orton, a very poor specimen, but Mr. E. 
