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bays at Parton and Whitehaven, the existence of which at those 
particular points is mainly due to a locally diminished height of 
the cliffs arising from the intersection of the coast line there by 
two valleys. In a similar way we might explain every indentation 
or promontory that is to be found along our coasts ; so that we 
see what an intimate relation there is between the denuding action 
of the sea and the irregularities of its coast outline. We further 
see how this denuding action is influenced by geological structure, 
and consequently, how on that geological structure depends our 
sea coast scenery for its variety. 
Let us next see if we can trace the same sort of connection 
between geological structure and our inland scenery. For this 
purpose we might almost take the country indiscriminately, but 
perhaps our subject will be as well illustrated about Keswick as 
anywhere. Few people who have visited that locality will have 
left it, I should think, without first ascending Castle Head—that 
little rounded woody eminence, rising abruptly, just outside the 
town on the left of the road leading to Borrowdale. The view 
obtainable from the top of that hill is perhaps as fine and varied 
as any that can be found in the district. Looking southward— 
that is, towards Borrowdale—we see, a little way below us, a 
straggling plot of intermingled wood and field, beyond which lies 
the bright and smiling lake, set as it were at the foot of a grand 
amphitheatre of hills, which as, in seeming eagerness to see the 
lake, they rise higher and higher in the distance, at length com- 
pletely shut out the prospect beyond. At the nearer end of the 
lake there is a broad, flat or but gently undulating, stretch of 
meadow land, which, as we turn to the north west, is seen 
extending away betwixt lines of hills to Bassenthwaite. On the 
north of us lies the little quaint old town; and beyond, limiting 
the view in that direction, rise the majestic forms of Skiddaw and 
Blencathra, their furrowed sides, like lines of age, forcibly reminding 
us of their lifelong struggle with the elements. Hours might be 
spent in describing the glorious panorama around this point, and 
even then but a faint impression would be conveyed of its sur- 
passing loveliness ; for 
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