165 
purity obtained from wells in the high lying country in the 
neighbourhood of Gosforth ; and although sa//ow wells are at all 
times dangerous as sources of water-supply, yet there are many 
situations in this district where individual houses might be well 
supplied with excellent water by sinking deep wells. 
Examining the rain as the source of water-supply, we find it 
differs considerably in regard to its purity in different localities. 
Of course, the rain falling in the thick and much-polluted atmo- 
spheres of manufacturing towns is very different from that which 
falls in this district, where almost the only impurity is’ the spray 
which comes over from the sea, varying in amount according to 
the direction and force of the winds. 
Table II. shows the average impurities in rain-water from 
various districts per 1,000,000 parts as found by Dr. Angus 
Smith, 
Taste II. 
Where Collected 
Sulphuric Acid 
(Anhydrous) 
Sulphuric Acid 
for each 100 of 
Hydrochloric Acid 
Free Acids 
calculated as 
Sulphuric 
Nitric Acid 
Hydrochloric 
Acid 
Organic Ammonia 
Ireland, Valencia 
nN 
~I 
Ww 
Scotland, five coast 
country places, west 
ow 
ON 
) 
Scotland, eight sea 
coast country places, 
east 
~sI 
fo,) 
ON 
Scotland, twelve in- 
land country places 
England, twelve in- 
land country places 
Scotland, six towns 
Darmstadt 
London 
Manchester 
Glasgow 
