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mountain altitudes, its valleys and its woods, its lake margins and 
extensive sea-board, and the varied character of its geological 
out-crops. Then there is the purity of the atmosphere, with its 
humidity, upon which a flourishing Lichen-flora so much depends. 
_ The results of our Lichen-gatherings and observations, as far as 
they have gone, have been very encouraging. ‘Though only limited 
yet, in similar localities and altitudes to those we have visited, and 
to the extent of species gathered, they may be taken as fairly 
representative. These researches have been made chiefly in the 
neighbourhood of Whitehaven, St. Bees, Ennerdale, Egremont, 
Calder Abbey, Gillgarron, Bassenthwaite and Keswick ; with some 
previous research on the east side of the County, and a day’s 
excursion now and again to a few other localities. It must not be 
understood that those places named have been thoroughly searched. 
The minute form of many lichens, which may easily be overlooked 
by one person, on a first or second visit to the same place, our 
very brief residence in Cumberland, and the pressure of many 
professional duties, have rendered this impossible. Good results, 
beyond those we are at present able to record, will reward continued 
research in the districts already named, especially in the locality of 
Keswick and Borrowdale ; and where the aspect of the country, or 
the altitude, differs from those of our record, other forms and 
species may be looked for. Further, about the neighbourhood of 
the Lakes, and particularly upon those rocks which are rarely 
found above the surface of the earth, some entirely new Lichens 
may be expected. 
The subjoined list will be found to include several forms that 
are rare, and some others that do not seem to have been hitherto 
recorded as occurring in Great Britain at all; while two or three 
of the species are new to the European list. Omitting further 
mention of the numerous gatherings not yet examined, we are able 
to record upwards of three hundred species and varieties. 
Of the four Families into which British Lichens are at present 
divided, the first one has only had recorded in it hitherto three 
species ; beside finding one of these up Ennerdale, we have also 
found a fourth species in the same locality. We have not had the 
