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85 
THE BROUGHAM FAMILY. 
By MAJOR ARNISON. 
(Read at the Penrith Annual Meeting.) 
Tue family of Brougham is of Saxon descent, and derives its 
surname from Burgham, afterwards called Brougham, a parish in 
Westmorland, the ancient Brocavum, or Brovoniacum, of the 
Romans. In the J/tinerary of Antoninus, “Iter. V. a Londinis 
Luguvallium ad Vallium” (London to Carlisle), it is stated thus : 
“ Verteris (Brough) ad Brocavo, M.P. XX. mihi quidem Brocavum 
esse Brougham.” Camden, in his Britannia (Edit: 1600, p. 689), 
says: “Eden runs along not far from Howgill, a castle of the 
Sandfords ; but the Roman military way passes directly through 
Whinfell, a large park, thick set with trees, to Brovoniacum, twenty 
Italian miles, but seventeen English, from Verterae, as Antoninus 
has fixed it; he calls it also Brocovum, as the Notitia Broconiacum, 
from which we understand the company of Defensores had their 
abode here. Though age has consumed both its buildings and 
splendour, the name is preserved almost entire in the present one 
_ of Brougham ; the antiquity whereof has been further confirmed of 
late years by the discovery of Roman coins, altars, and other 
testimonies.” The ancient line of the Broughams is likewise 
alluded to by Hutchinson, in his Hzstory of Cumberland. 
Tuomas Burcuam, lord of Burgham 1553, married Jane, 
daughter and heiress of John Vaux, of Catterlen and Tryermane, 
and had two sons, viz., 1, Henry Burgham ; 2, Peter Burgham, of 
whom presently. The elder son, 
