56 THE AMERICAN MUSEUM JOURNAL 



from only one direction, there was a deeply trodden bed of dry earth where 

 the baby elephant had been born and had spent the first week or ten days 

 of its life, while the mother watched o\'er it or fed on the al)undant vegeta- 

 tion near at hand. Later we found a second bed precisely similar as to 

 situation. These beds were well off the lines of elephant travel. 



Upon returning from the summit of Kenia to the native gardens at 

 the edge of the forest, I went back again to the bamboos to make photo- 

 graphic studies for the background and gather materials for accessories for 

 the group. While thus engaged I met a bull elephant which left me much 

 the worse for the experience and necessitated my return to the base camp 

 on a stretcher. This event postponed work for several months and it was 

 not until January, 1911, that we resumed active work in the field. From 

 then until the first of June we worked in Unyoro from the Victoria Nile 

 on the east and north to Lake Albert on the west northward of Masinde. 



This district has now been closed because of sleeping sickness and thus 

 becomes an elephant reserve. During the time we were there we saw much 

 of the results of this awful disease, whole villages in which not a living being 

 was to be found, those who had escaped alive having abandoned all house- 

 hold utensils and stored food together with the huts and gardens to the 

 mercy of the elephants, who had come in great herds, destroyed the plantain 

 groves and bark cloth trees, completing the work of devastation. 



The elephants do not always, by any means, wait for the natives to go. 

 We saw many cases where they had raided a garden at night and completely 

 destroyed all crops and in some instances when angered by the natives' 

 attempts to drive them away, had destroyed the huts also. The amount 

 of damage that a herd of five hundred elephants can do to forests and native 

 cultivation is enormous. In following a herd of two hundred and fifty we 

 were led through a garden where the night previous elephants had destroyed a 

 large plantain grove and broken down fifty or more bark cloth trees averag- 

 ing a foot in diameter. This was a herd from which all good bulls had been 

 killed and the remainder, enjoying immunity from sportsmen and ivory 

 hunters, had become contemptuous of man. When we approached the herd 

 and they became aware of our presence, they siu'ged down upon us, keeping 

 us at a distance, and not until I climbed a tree in advance of them did I 

 get a chance to look them over as they approached and passed. The 

 average value of ivory in this herd would not have exceeded twenty dollars 

 per head, not enough to cover the damage done by them in one year. 



Coming south from the neighborhood of Murchison Falls we were 

 resting at the summit of the pass over Poduro Hills when we detected a herd 

 of about one hundred elei)hants at rest some two miles to the south. As we 

 watched them they began mo\ing in our direction and ultimately reached 

 the base of the hills, where we met them. In the jncantime a second herd of 

 more than a hundred appeared, traveling rapidly to the north passing within 



