position with knees somewhat (h'awn up. This skele- 

 ton was co\'ere(l by two feet of ashes, filled with 

 broken pots and l)one implements, with frafj;ments of 

 animal bone, with nuissel shells, eharco;.! antl broken 

 stone implements, all very evidently the remains 

 of a feast. 



Sueh traces of oceupaney in the surface 

 soil are to be referred to the Indians found 1 

 luu'opeans when first arri\'ing in this locali 

 the tribe was called the Delawares by them 

 but the Indians called themselves the " Leni 

 Lenapes," "<)ri<;inal people" in their language. 

 All excavations made by these Delawares 

 below the top black soil are plainly traceablt 

 in the underlying yellow loam, just as distinctly 

 as black ink shows on white paper; e\en the pene 

 tration of sm-face vegetation can easily be traced. 



The yellow deposit underlying the black soil 

 also shows traces of man's occupancy in stone, 

 animal bone and human bone, but no cc 

 nection is found between these specimens and 

 those heretofore described. There is a total 

 absence of ])ottery. Nor is there any trace 

 whatsoever of an intrusion from the black 

 soil. The pits found show clearly that they 

 were excavated from a lower level in the 

 yellow .soil than those which carrv intru- 

 sions of the black soil, as the re.l claV bands noH™T n" "'' ' hT "' '"" "' "'" 



IJelaware ^ alley, and human remains 



deposited by water CO\'ered the mouths or in the glacial deposit where have been 



openings of tliese pits. The pits con- 'J'""'' t'^'; ''""^^ "f niu.sk ox and other 



* '^ ' 1 Arctic annuals 



tained broken Cjuartzite pebbles, small 



particles of charcoal and one, the l)ones of the American bison with char- 

 coal particles and fire-broken stone. 



Such traces of man's presence in the yellow soil were found during a 

 number of years for a distance of .several miles, and include chijjs and flakes 

 of argillite and implements of the same material in shape of slender spear 

 heads and arrow points. Besides the scattered specimens and the specimens 

 in pits there were specimens found close together in j)atches of three feet 

 diamet(;r and more, rejjresenting ])laces where the chipping of the argillite 

 was done. Hut not initil A])ril, 1S<H), did we Hnd the bones of man belong- 

 ing exclusively to this dejjosit, and as many a time is the case, these were 

 accidentally found in a trench exca\ated for the pm-pose of ascertaining the 

 thickness of the Trenton gravel at its eastern end. There were two heaps 

 of human bones some feet apart, six fei't below the present surface, one in 



Black soil 



