110 



coccinella. Lamarck (1810, Ann. Mus., vol. 16, p. 104. 

 T. coccinelloides, Sow. Min. Conch, vol. 4;, p. \Q7,pl. 378, fy 1. 

 Nyst. Coc[. Foss. de Belg., p. 609.) The shell which I thus 

 identify I distinguish by its size, the absence of dorsal division 

 between the striae and the arcuate aperture. It is found 

 throughout the Miocene of Italy, France, Austria, Sicily, and 

 exists in the Mediterranean. I can find no ground whatever 

 for separating our fossil from the one described as above. An 

 unusual number of works (31) are cited by Hdrnes and 

 ParLsch, whose Foss. Moll, and the above-named authors I 

 have been able to consult, besides Wood on the Crag Mollusca, 

 Deshayes, Lamarck, while specimens of the Italian fossil are 

 in my possession, and except that they are a little longer I 

 can see no difference. Long. 7, lat. 6. The knowledge 

 obtained recently of this wide-spread diffusion of some species 

 will prevent that difficulty hitherto experienced in the identifi- 

 cation to European species, and will prevent their needless 

 multiplication on geographical grounds alone. The shell is, 

 however, very distinct from our Trivia australis, Lamk. 



CoLUMBELLA CAiNOzoicA. Shell miuute smooth, somewhat 

 solid, narrowly pyramidal, spire longer than the aperture, 

 apex elongately naticiform of two smooth shining whorls ; 

 whorls in all six, very slightly rounded, almost flat, smooth, 

 but not shining with faint striae of growth, suture distinct ; 

 aperture broadly sigmoid ; outer lip thickened and finely 

 dentate ; columella smooth with five corrugated plaits behind, 

 passing obliquely to round the notch which is broad and 

 scarcely recurved. The outer lip is thickened into almost a 

 varix, and the last whorl has the striae of growth raised so as 

 to become almost like costae. Long. 4, Lat. scarcely 2. 



In shells which differ so little in form as to cause the 

 majority of specific distinctions in existing forms to depend 

 upon colour alone, it is difficult to give such a description as 

 will not apply to many other species. This species therefore 

 must be distinguished first by its small size. 2. By its 

 thickened almost varicose lip. 3. By its-very prominent striae 

 of growth. 4. By its naticiform apex (which it shares with 

 many living Australian species, especially C. mimita, mihi, 

 which is much the same in size) ; and, lastly, the peculiar 

 corrugations from the back of the columella and round the 

 notch. No living or fossil form known to me unites all these 

 details, though in general form our fossil is not unlike C. 

 scripfa, Bell., a much larger form of the Vienna Miocene. The 

 genus is almost unknown as fossil, but very numerous aa 

 living species, probably over 200. All subtropical, two being 

 in New Zealand, but none fossil, in any of the extensive 

 tertiary deposits of those islands. 



