COLUMBIAN MAMMOTH 5 
specimens of lizards are represented in the collection by extensive series. 
The results of this expedition are now being worked up in several papers, 
the molluses by Mr. Bryant Walker, the vertebrates by Dr. Ruthven. 
THE SKELETON OF THE COLUMBIAN MAMMOTH. 
Hall of Vertebrate Paleeontology is a skeleton of the 
Mammoth, Elephas columbi. ‘This skeleton shows that 
the Mammoth had a very short back and long legs. Its 
body was not as massive as that of the Mastodon, and 
the pelvis is proportionately narrower. ‘The head was 
carried more erect than that of the Mastodon, and the tusks, which 
point down at first, then curve forward and upward and completely 
cross at their points. The tusks of the Mastodon, on the other hand, 
continue farther downward before bending upward, and their distal 
portions turn outward. 
During the middle Pleistocene or Glacial Period three well-known 
species of Mammoth inhabited North America. ‘The Siberian mam- 
moth, Hlephas primigen ius, was abundant in the northern part. of 
America, and bodies of animals of this species have been found in the 
ice and frozen ground of Alaska, the flesh and hair still preserved intact. 
The Imperial Mammoth, Elephas imperator, inhabited the southern 
United States and its remains are found in Texas. The third species, 
the Columbian Mammoth, Elephas columbi, inhabited the greater part 
of the United States, and its range extended as far southwest as Mexico. 
Teeth and bones of the last-named species have been identified 
from many localities, but the specimen now under consideration is the 
most nearly complete skeleton yet mounted in this country. This skel- 
eton was found on the farm of D. C. Gift, four miles east of Jonesboro, 
Indiana. That part of Grant County is level and was originally swampy 
and had to be drained. While enlarging a drainage canal across a part 
of the farm, a tenant encountered the skeleton only eight feet below the 
surface, where it lay articulated, with its bones in position just as the 
animal had fallen after becoming mired in the old swamp. ‘The feet 
were not found, having been perhaps scraped out and lost during the 
first opening of the drain, hence the lower parts of the limbs and the 
