89 
THE PHYSICAL HISTORY OF GREYSTOKE PARK 
AND THE VALLEY OF THE PETTERIL. 
By J. G. GOODCHILD, H.M. Gzou. SURVEY, F.G.S. 
An Address delivered before the Cumberland and Westmorland Societies in 1881, 
at Greystoke Park, Penrith. 
(REPRINTED FROM THE ‘‘PENRITH OBSERVER” OF AUGUST 9, 1881.) 
INTRODUCTION. 
Amonc the many subjects that an attentive study of the geology 
of a district is sure to bring more or less into prominence, one of 
the most interesting to the student of the present day is that of the 
history of the changes that have resulted in producing the surface 
features of the district around him. The subject is interesting 
even where the configuration of the surface happens to be tame 
and flat; but where we have to deal with a complex series of 
changes resulting in scenery of as varied a character as that we 
have the good fortune to find ourselves surrounded with here, so 
many features of interest present themselves that it becomes difficult 
to give to each its proper share of attention on such an occasion 
as the present. It will therefore be necessary to notice only the 
leading points of interest, and to do little more than refer to much 
that, if there were time, it would be well to discuss at greater 
length. 
Persons unacquainted with the results of modern geological 
research are apt to content themselves with the belief, well-expressed 
in the phrase, ‘‘as old as the hills,” that the natural features around 
