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say, in this—it moved up the valley and over what are now the wild 
moory uplands of Stainmoor, out to the Yorkshire coast. That great 
ice sheet has scored and furrowed the whole of Edenside with deep 
grooves from end to end. It has scooped out rock basins innu- 
merable all along the Cross Fell side. It has ground the valley 
heads in many places into cirques, corries, or coums, such as the 
very perfect coums at Haska Fell and Ousby, and has left its impress 
in many other ways up and down all over the surface of the country 
it traversed. It was this ice sheet that scooped out the rock basins 
wherein Lazonby Mere, Langanby Mere, and the Appleby Meres 
once lay ; as it was ice belonging to the same period that scooped 
out the lakes and smoothed off the older weathered features of the 
rocks in other parts of Cumberland and Westmorland.* 
We have then, it seems to me, some kind of evidence of a toler- 
ably complete sequence of events here, dating from the close of the 
Glacial Period down to the present day; so that it is far from unlikely 
that Langanby Mere, Lazonby Mere, and Appleby Mere, may in 
times past, have formed the fishing grounds, or even the dwelling 
place, of some of the early races of men, such as have left vestiges 
of their existence here in the form of such megaliths as the stone 
circle Long Meg and her Daughters above us; or of the various 
peoples that have left us other traces of their existence here in the 
form of the Neolithic stone implements that are now and then found. 
To my mind the alluvial flats before us, and perhaps the much 
older terraces that occur at higher levels along their banks, may 
contain not only the fossil remains of these men and of their works, 
but also of the various races of wild animals—bears, beavers, wild 
oxen, horses, wolves, and of other animals that formerly peopled 
these parts, from the close of the Glacial Period down to the dawn 
of history. 
* See the present writer’s ‘‘Glacial Phenomena of the Eden Valley,” &c., 
Q.J.G.S. xxxi. (1874), and ‘Ice Work in Edenside,” Trans. Cumb. and West, 
Association, Part XII. 
