— oe 
Ee ————— a ee 
ae Or ee 
more likely to relate to a Cuneus from Aballaba, rather than to one 
actually a¢ Aballaba? It must be observed that the Notitia 
garrison of Aballaba was a Numerus A/aurorum Aurelianorum, i.e., 
a company of J/Zoors—the Aurelian, whilst the Papcastle inscription 
is a “Cuneus Frisionum Aballavensium,” i.e., clearly a company of 
Frisians, the Aballavensium, otherwise, a company of Frisians from, 
or belonging to, Aballava. 
Now, Frisians were from the coast of Holland, and hence could 
have no claim to be called Moors. Thus the Papcastle inscriptions 
cannot by any stretch of the imagination give the slightest counte- 
nance to the name Aballava as applied to Papcastle. 
True, the inscription refers to the presence of a company of 
Frisians—the Aballavensian—but this does not necessarily prove 
that Papcastle was Aballava. We may as well argue that because 
acertain English regiment is called the Cumberland regiment, 
that therefore the place where it is stationed is necessarily Cum- 
berland. The very idea is absurd. 
But we may probably have some little confirmation of our 
allocation. The Notitia garrison of Bremetenracum is a Cuneus 
Armaturarum, i.e., a company of men-at-arms—whether Moors or 
Frisians is not stated—but still it is a Cuneus, and in so far is in 
perfect agreement with both the inscriptions found. 
Time will not allow us to enter more fully into the antiquities of 
Papcastle, although to clearly establish our claim it must be 
pointed out that Papcastle was a most important strategic centre, 
roads running to Moresby, Maryport, Old Carlisle, and the Wall. 
The next point of strategic importance—I might say the most 
important point—is Old Carlisle. That it was a Notitia station is 
almost generally allowed, though its Notitia name varies according 
to the different writers. The perfect network of roads radiating 
from this station at once bear direct testimony to its great strategic 
importance. Its name—following again in direct sequence—would 
be Olenacum ; and this is the name that has already been given 
to it by Horsley, Hodgson, Wright, Mc.Lauchlan, and Godwin. 
The Notitia states that the garrison of Olenacum was the Ala 
Herculea. That an Ala, as distinguished from a Cohort, should 
