35 
NOTES ON A BOX USED IN SMUGGLING ON 
THE BORDER FIFTY YEARS AGO. 
By T. V. HOLMES, F.G.S. 
(Read at the Maryport Annual Meeting.) 
Two years ago (being then President of the Geologists’ Association 
of London) I arranged with Mr. J. G. Goodchild for a week’s 
excursion of the Association to north-west Cumberland and Eden- 
side. But before leaving London it occurred to me to make some 
provision against wet weather during the stay of the Association at 
Carlisle by taking various books and maps, and by drawing up a 
short paper in which I noted certain differences between the 
aspects of things in south-eastern and in north-western England. 
I commented, in the first place, on the results of geological 
structure in their influence on the scenery of the two regions, both 
as regards their effect on the landscape generally and in the nature 
of the trees which were most abundant. In a typical Kentish 
landscape, for instance, the Elm (Udmus campestris) is the char- 
acteristic tree, while in Cumberland this Elm is rare, its place 
being taken by the Wych Elm (U/mus montana), the Oak, and the 
Ash. I then noticed the comparatively grim and unadorned 
villages and churches of Cumberland as indicating the very late 
date at which the county had begun to enjoy anything like material 
prosperity, pointing out that an Act of Parliament to check moss- 
troopers had been passed so late as the reign of Charles II. Since 
the failure of the insurrection of 1745 a more settled state of things 
