15 



fi'€quent. Silene acaulis is found on the rocks near Grisdale Tarn, 

 where I saw it growing last summer. A still rarer flower, namely, 

 Lychnis alpina, was sent to me by Mr. W. Dickinson, who gathered 

 it from Hobcarten, on the Loweswater fells. Cerastium alpinum has 

 been found on Dove Crags, a dangerous-looking bluff on Fairfield. 

 Stellaria nemorum grows in Fusedale, over Ullswater. Montiafontana 

 in almost every "well-eye" on the hills. Several species of St. John's 

 Wort flourish freely in the superagrarian zone. Malva moschata is 

 often seen near mountain quarries, where its roots penetrate deeply 

 into the rubbish heaps. Radiola millegrana I have seen but once 

 growing in a spring on the southern slopes of Dent, near Egremont. 

 I had frequently seen it stated in old lists that Euonymus europaus 

 grew in Gowbarrow parks, and the splendid manuscript Flora 

 compiled by the late Mr. Rooke of Whitehaven, contains a drawing 

 from a specimen procured there, yet I never discovered it until 

 last October, when I found it on Yew Crag, rooting in the rifted 

 rock. None of the Clovers or Vetches attain a great elevation, 

 except perhaps Orobiis tuberosus, which is not unfrequent in 

 dry rocky woods. Of the Wild Cherries I must speak with 

 considerable diffidence ; the most common species here, I take to 

 be Prunus aviimi. Alpine Ladies' Mantle meets us at every turn 

 in the Helvellyn and Scawfell groups of hills. The Common 

 Tormentil is even more ubiquitous ; and one of Mr. Baker's last 

 letters informs me that Potentilla fruticosa and Dryas odopetala^ 

 plants of extreme rarity, have both been recently discovered 

 growing upon the rocks over Keppel Cove Tarn. The lucky 

 finder was, I think, Mr. Backhouse of York. 



Of the Rubi, the species pertaining to mountain districts are 

 R. saxatilis, which is fairly plentiful in Airey ravine, Matterdale. 

 R. chamcemorus is found in turfy bogs at various stations in the 

 Lake country; the last I remember seeing grew in the Sticks 

 Moss, over the path leading from Greenside Mines towards 

 St. John's Vale and Keswick. The Wild Raspberry is everywhere 

 plentiful. Of the wild Roses, several types occur on the lower 

 slopes of the mountains. In similar stations the Mountain Ash 

 and the Hawthorn flourish luxuriantly. The upland Onagrace/E 



