baggage. The habits of orientals have changed but little, if any, 

 since the time the Scriptures were written ; and many of these 

 tarrying places receive travellers to-day in much the same way as 

 they did two thousand years ago. I have it on the authority of a 

 traveller who has visited the Holy Land, that the Khan of Chim- 

 ham, near Bethlehem, mentioned in Samuel and Jeremiah, is 

 •supposed by those who have studied the subject, to be the very 

 inn, in the stable of which was born the Saviour. 



" Nothing," says a recent writer, "is stronger evidence of the 

 size and populousness of Herculaneum, than its nine hundred 

 public houses." A placard discovered on the wall of a villa in 

 that ruined city was a bill for letting one of its public houses on 

 lease ; and hence it appears they had galleries on the top, and 

 balconies or green arbours and baths ; and the landlord had a 

 particular dress — a characteristic followed at the present day, not 

 only in the East, but in European cities, especially Warsaw. 

 Landladies wore a tucked up gown, and brought the wine in vases 

 for visitors to taste ; they had common drinking vessels same as 

 with us, and sometimes the flagons were chained to posts. 



Professor Rhys tells us, the Saxons had public houses, where 

 they used vessels of earthenware. The Anglo-Saxon had the 

 eala-hus (ale-house), win-hus (wine-house), and cumen-hus (inn). 

 Alehouses are mentioned in the laws of Iva, King. of Wessex. 

 Booths were set up in England in 728, where laws were passed for 

 their regulation, and enactment after enactment has been passed 

 since : now with a purely social, and now with a purely fiscal 

 object in view. 



During the middle ages (see " History of Signboards,") in 

 accordance with the customs then prevalent, the lords of manors 

 frequently displayed their coats of arms in front of their castles or 

 manor houses, to show who was lord and master in those parts, 

 and in some measure performed the duties of innkeepers. The 

 keep of the castle, or the lower room of the manor house, was 

 open to all kinds of wayfarers, and in those days was seldom 

 without a visitor or two : either travelling mechanics, or persons 

 acquainted with mysteries — as trades or professions were termed 



