116 



weed in green-crops : a tenant of light sandy soils, such as about 

 Crosscannonby, Old Mawbray, etc. 



CrucifeR/E. — Of this order we may discover many examples of 

 species seldom met with elsewhere. Three stations on the coast- 

 line have each yielded a rich supply of Crucifers, Wild Mustards, 

 Cabbages, Turnips, Radishes, Cresses, etc., viz., the north shore at 

 Workington, sandy beach behind Risehow, and the ballast heaps 

 at Silloth ; household rubbish deposited in heaps at Risehow has 

 produced several plants during 1884 and 1885, some of which 

 have no place in recognised lists of plants indigenous to Cumber- 

 land, or even to England ; and which, from their surroundings, 

 one feels tempted to imagine have found their way thither among 

 the sweepings of bird-cages, seeing that hemp and canary-grass 

 spring up with them. At the Silloth and Workington stations several 

 plants probably owe their introduction to the deposit of ballast from 

 ships trading to those places. It is open to doubt whether many 

 of such casuals will survive beyond a few seasons. It is certain 

 that the bulk of the dozen exotic species found by me at Flosh- 

 gate, on Ullswater, in 1881 and 1882, have already disappeared. 

 Their chances were of the slenderest ; a bed of hard gravel affords 

 but meagre support for plant life, and probably few of them were 

 fully developed. All record of their existence might have perished, 

 but for the mention of them made by Mr. J. G. Baker, F.R.S., in 

 bis recently published "Flora of the English Lake District." 



Returning to the Crucifers : Cakile maritima may be gathered 

 at intervals along the entire coast line of Cumberland ; I saw some 

 very fine examples on the north shore at Workington in August of 

 1885. Cratnbe maritima once grew in small patches at the edge 

 of the Maryport bent hills, where it has long since been smothered 

 by the unsightly mounds of refuse from the 'von furnaces; nowhere 

 plentiful, it may yet be found occasionally to the south of our 

 present limits, — Ravenglass and Coulderton are given as stations, 

 the former by Mr. Wood, in the "Botanist's Guide," the latter by 

 Mr. Dickinson, late of Thorncroft. Raphaims raphanistnim ; 

 found at different points on the coast between Workington and 



