188 



Neuropteris acuminata. Stigmaria. 



„ gigantea. Sphenopteris caudata. 



„ heterophylla. „ crenata. 



„ macrophylla. „ dilatata. 



Pecopteris adiantoides. „ elegans. 



„ dentata. „ latifolia. 



„ denticulata. „ macilenta. 



In the black pins, which is a course of mine above the Elled, I have found 

 two species of unio, or, I suppose, anthracosia — for I am not aware whether that 

 name is applied by Capt. Brown to the whole tribe of uniones, or merely to shells 

 termed anthracosia agrestis. To descend. In the three quarter coal, Mr. Adams, 

 of Ebbwvale Works, to whom I am indebted for much information, has found 

 terebratula, as also in the Bydyllog coal. In the Daren pins, next in order, 

 three species of uniones — one of which is very smaU. In the black band we have 

 found a large unio, quite different from those of the Daren pins, and a species of 

 rhynconella. In the red vein, unio, and a small modiola, associated with quan- 

 tities of lepidodendron. The bottom vein of coal is the most important, as 

 containing shells, viz., microconchus, or spirorbis carbonarius, and great quantities 

 of anthracosia agrestis, teeth, scales, lower maxillary jaw, palates, pectoral rays, 

 skin, bones, and heteroceral tails of an (to me) unknown fish or fishes, and a tooth 

 of the megalicthys.* 



I have found no fishes above the bottom vein ; I suspect the reason is that 

 the waters at the time when these upper measures were formed, were shallow and 

 fresh, and this I conclude to be the case, on account of the uniones and fresh water 

 shells, which we find in these upper measures ; as also from the ground tracks of 

 worms, which are abundant, and the discovery of a large nereites, plainly in- 

 dicating a shallow and muddy shore. The remains found in the bottom vein 

 seem to indicate deeper waters, more nearly approaching the deep sea waters, 

 in which the shells of the Rosser veins lived. 



The nereites to which I have alluded, I found on a slab of hard stone, from 

 between the coal seams, and used for building materials. It is curved once or 

 twice, and in length about two feet, i.e., as much as I found of it ; and as the 

 breadth does not seem to dinimish at either end, there may be as much more again. 

 It consists apparently of a thin vertebra, with a multitude of small spiciilae, like 

 fish bones, on each side of it, for its whole length. It is not at all unlike the 

 nereites Cambrensis, as figured in Siluria, but is apparently much larger, and of 

 more regular structure. As the specimen itself is very heavy, I have succeeded 

 in getting a tolerably exact photograph of it. I have alluded before to the Rosser 

 veins— the small seams found in the Millstone Grit. In the dingle rurming up 

 into the heart of the mountains from my house, and called Cwm Carnol in the 

 Ordnance map, I have discovered a great number of shells. These seams of coal 

 and iron mines are but little worked — they appear incidental, like the veins in the 

 Pennant rock — but it is singular that in all the Rosser veins I have found traces 



* Since writing the above, I have found the fish remains to belong to the Paloeoniscus, 

 Ccelacanthus, Holoptychius, and Megalicthys. 



