255 



tenMatus, Fries, p. 402). Myochrous should have the same sip:nification, but is 

 used by' Fries for a dusky umber. Argillaceus is a light brownish ash-colour. 

 Fuscus, dusky, is rather a vague term, but it is almost too brown to be classed 

 under the greys at all ; fuscescens means becoming dusky. Ravidus is a dark grey. 

 Fumosus, fuligineus, and fuliginosus are best translated smoky, and not, as the 

 latter might be, sooty black. 



Pure blacks fortunately do not admit of much variation, although since an 

 absolute black is rarely seen, several terms occur. Ata- is strictly a lustreless 

 black, and nhjer is a glistening black ; piceo-ater, black as pitch, and .furvus, 

 swarthy, come into the former category ; coracinus, raven-black, with a tinge of 

 blue, into tlie latter. Atratus and puUatus mean simply "clothed in black." 

 Denwjratus, " blackened," is used for a dark dusky brown, and not black at all. 

 Nigerrimus, "black as black can be," seems rather pleonastic, but Fries uses 

 it in his descriptions (Ag. Panaeolus hypomelas, p. 313). 



The next group, the yellows, under which I range the oranges, citrines, and 

 browns, presents the greatest difficulties of all, and it is hard to get them into 

 satisfactory order. Canon Du Port, in the interesting paper which we had the 

 pleasure of hearing him read last year, cleared up many doubtful points, but his 

 range was more limited than that which I set myself here 



The type of pale yellow seems to be luteus, like the flowers of the plant 

 woad (Isdtis tincloria). Paler than this are luteolus and sulphureus, sulphur- 

 yellow. Stramineus, straw-coloured, denotes a paler and less pure yellow, Naples 

 yellow, of which a deeper, duller shade is cerlnus ; croceus, saffron -yellow, being a 

 fuller shade. Citrinus is our lemon-yellow, yellow of wax. 



The type of full yellow is fiavus, gamboge-yellow, which at its fullest 

 brilliancy is flavissimus. Flavidus is a paler yellow, purer and richer than luteus. 

 VitdUnus, like the yolk of an eg^', is used by Fries, as the Canon reminded us 

 last year, to describe the Chantarelle (Canlharellus cibarius). Not far off flavus 

 is aureus, gold-coloured, which seems to me most like the Cadmium yellow of 

 artists ; its diminutive, aureolus, does not seem to be a very different shade. 

 Galbdnus, the colour of the gum galbanum, is a greenish yellow. 



The orange-yellows, made up of yellow and red, not brown, are typically 

 two ; aurantius being a full orange. Cadmium orange, and aurantiacus, a paler 

 orange, containing less red. Ipneus and flammeulus, denoting the colour of flame, 

 and fubnineus, that of lightning, come in this place, but seem to have no very 

 certain application. 



Persicinus and Persicolor, are difficult to describe more intelligibly than by 

 peach-colour. Armeniacus, apricot-coloured, is explained by Fries as tawny- 

 cinnamon (fuho-cinnamomeus) or yellowish tan (helvolo-alutaceus). 



The browns are as extensive as the greys, and comprise every tint between 

 impure yellow and the deepest burnt-umber. Their distinctions are best under- 

 stood by grouping them into yellow-browns, red-browns, and true-browns. 



Of the yellow-browns cinnamomeus, cinnamon, a light yellowish brown, is the 

 palest and most familiar. Gilvm is a yeUower shade ; Ag. (Clitocyhe) splendent 

 may be taken in iUustrating the type of the colour, a yellowish tan, as it was 



