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colour. Roseus and rosaceus imply a rosy pink ; roselhts seems to mean inclined 

 to pink. There must be some difference between the shades of scarlet or ver- 

 milion distinguished as cinnabarinus and miniatus, because each is compounded 

 with the other as cinnabarino-minmtus, but I have not succeeded in finding out 

 what the difference is. Coccineus, cochineal red, is a deeper scarlet, carmine. 

 Sanguineus, blood-red, is nearly similar. Rufus, ruber, and russiis are less pure 

 reds. Rubescens is merely becoming red. Rubellus, rufidulus, and rufulus are 

 reddish. Rubens is a brick-red ; rutilus, rutilans a purplish brick-red. Vinaeeus 

 is reddish rather than claret-coloured, but it does not seem to be ever used in 

 descriptions. Less pure reds are castaneus, chestnut ; ferrugineus and rubii/inosus, 

 rust-red ; and puniceus, which is an almost purple red. 



Blues are so rai-e among Fungi that very few names are required for them. 

 Ccerulcus is a pale blue, azure ; ccerulescens is becoming blue. Azurens, lazulinus, 

 and eyaneus are rather ultramarine. Cyanellus is almost sky-blue. Purpureus is 

 a bluish purple ; violaceus, violet, is a reddish purple ; lilacinus is lilac or mauve. 

 lanthinus and ionidcs alike refer to a violet colour. Porphyro-leuciis should mean 

 purplish-white, but Ag. ( Tricholoma) porphyroleucus, Bulliard, is descrilied by 

 Fries as " sooty or dusky, becoming red." 



The type of the greens is vnridis, but it is of no definite hue ; virescens and 

 viridans mean turning green. Aerugineus and aeruginosus refer to a verdigris or 

 rather bluish-green. Olivaceus is olive-g^een, olivascens denoting the preliminary 

 stage of becoming green. Pausiacus describes precisely the same green, from 

 pausSa or pausia, a variety of olive ; for Fries says of Ag. (Clitocybe) pausiacus 

 that the gills are olivaceous. 



Before I had made the attempt, of which you now have the outcome, to 

 elucidate Fries' use of the names of colours, I was unwilling to ask for much of 

 your indulgence. But now that I have done my best, and feel how poor my best 

 has been, I must ask you to look on my essay, not as a final determination, but as 

 a framework about which can be arranged the experience of others. No invention 

 is ever so valuable to its inventor as it is to those who can bring it to perfect use. 

 May what I have tried to accomplish here be at least the opening of the door for 

 the truth that must in the end prevail. 



L 



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