238 



Habit. — Originally "tawny," afterwards white. 



Prepress.— Rapid ; in 1200 there were 1,800 abbeys. Military orders of 

 Galatrava and Alcantara, and of Christ and Avis were subject to it. 



The famous order of " La Trappe," the most austere order in the world 

 ("Trappists") is a reform of the Cistercians (1664) by de Rancd. 



Connection with England. — 1. Stephen Harding, one of the first and most 

 eminent companions and a successor of St. Robert, was an Englishman. 



2. In the reign of Stephen, King of England, "noble and churl welcomed 

 " the austere Cistercians, a reformed out-shoot of the Benedictine Order, as they 

 "spread over the moors and forests of the north. A new spirit of devotion woke 

 " the slumbers of the religious houses, and penetrated alike into the home of the 

 "noble and the trader. London took its full share of the revival. The new im- 

 " pulse changed its very aspect. In the midst of the City, Bishop Richard busied 

 "himself with the vast Cathedral of St. Paul which Bishop Maurice had begun, 

 "&c." — Green, History of the English People. 



' ' The Cistercian Order, which possessed vast ranges of moorland in York- 

 " shire, becanie famous as wool growers, and their wool had been seized for Richard 

 "the First's ransom. The Florentine merchants were developing this trade by 

 "their immense contracts ; we find a single company of merchants contracting for 

 "the produce of the Cistercian wool throughout the year."— 0^3. cit., p. 324. 



The formal business of the Club was then transacted. Four new members 

 —Mr. Edward Caddick (Birmingham), Mr. Henry Andrews (Leominster), the 

 Rev. R. Wyatt Warner (Almeley), and Mr. A. G. Levason (Hereford), were pro- 

 posed. The following letter from Mr. R. Hogg, secretary to the Royal Horti- 

 cultural Society, South Kensington, was then read, and ordered to be entered on 



the minutes : — 



Royal Horticultural Society, South Kensington, S.W., 



9th July, i88o. 



Sir,— I am instructed by the Council of the Royal Horticultural Society to thank the 

 Woolhope Club for two parts of the " Herefordshire Pomona," which they have been so good as 

 to present to the Library of this Society ; and at the same time to say that they will be pleased 

 to receive the subsequent parts as they appear. 



The Council have given directions to Mr. Barron, the garden superintendent at Chiswick, 

 to afford every facility the garden affords to enable the Woolhope Club to carry out the import- 

 ant work in which they are engaged. 



1 have the honour to be. Sir, 



Your obedient servant, 

 H. G. Bull, Esq., M.D., Hereford. ROBERT HOGG, Secretary. 



At the conclusion of this address, the President, on behalf of the Club, 

 thanked Dr. Yeats most warmly for the ready and valuable assistance he had 

 rendered to the Club during their visit to Tintern. This brought the proceedings 

 of the day to a close— the day up to that time had been exceptionally fine, and 

 there was a very general expression of opinion that the visit had been most suc- 

 cessful and enjoyable, the arrangements made under the direction of Mr. Thome, 

 station master at Barrs Court, for the accommodation and comfort of the members 



