8 



•\vator, when the Avhole district was submerged. The searcher for 

 fossils in the upper Ludlow rock in the immediate neighbourhood 

 of Kington will be struck by the fact that he cannot find the 

 Orthoceratites and larger Mollusca in the same symmetrical state as 

 in the neighbourhood of Ludlow ; at Kington they are generally 

 flattened, compressed, or broken ; now this flattening, or compres- 

 sion, is attributable to either direct or obliqvie pressure on the mould 

 or cavity which the shell itself once occupied, before the cast, which, 

 we now find, was perfectly formed. The outburst of a large igneous 

 mass, upheaving and bending the strata of the adjacent rocks, 

 would account for the pressure which these fossils exhibit. If we 

 continue our search upwards we shall find further evidence of the 

 period of the outburst, in the fact that at Ivy Chimney and on 

 other parts of Bradnor Hill, waterworn pebbles of the syenite of 

 Stanuer, pieces of partially calcined limestone, and boulders of the 

 red and white quartz (upper Llandovery conglomerate) of Old 

 Eadnor are met with, imbedded in the Downton sandstone. I think 

 therefore it may reasonably be assumed that the outburst took place 

 when the upper Ludlow rocks were in an unconsolidated state, and 

 while the deposits, wliicli form the Downton sandstone, were taking 

 place. Hoping that you will excuse this digression, I will now 

 return to the subject of the day's excursion. Passing through Cann 

 "VYood, our party halted on the summit of Nash scar, to admire the 

 view of the Nash and Kuill valley, the plain of Herefoi'dshii'e, and 

 distant Malvern hills, while our Honorary Member, Mr. J. E, 

 Davis, and his father, Db. Davis, who first investigated these 

 limestone rocks and their fossil contents, pointed out the numerous 

 faults in the broken and wooded ground around, and the outlying 

 patches of Old Led sandstone. Proceeding to Evenjobb, we 

 ascended Evenjobb hill, where cj^uarries afi'orded good sections of 

 the lower Ludlow rocks. A small portion of Pterygotus -was here 

 discovered. Descending the hiU, and passing by Discoyd, we 

 reached Presteigne, examining on our road several quarries of 

 upper Ludlow rock. Thus terminated the last excursion of the year. 



