kigenmann: catalogue of fresh water fishes. 



405 



Plecostomus puiictatus Giinther; Ple- 

 costomus officinis Steindachner; Ple- 

 costomus commersoni, ajfinis and 

 scabriceps Eigenmann & Eigenmann. 

 Habitat : Southeastern Brazil. 



well developed membrane 

 either to the 3 or 4 scales 

 following it, or to the spine 

 of the adipose fin. D. I, 7. 



10. Parancistrus Bleeker. 

 //. Sides of head with slender 



bristles. D. I, 7. Last dorsal 

 ray attached to the scute fol- 

 lowing it by an inconspicuous 

 membrane at its base. 



11. Lasiancistrus Regan. 

 kk. Interoperculum armed with slender 



spines which cannot be com- 

 pletely retracted beneath the 

 operculum, or with permanently 

 everted bristles, sides of head 

 with bristles which are always 

 longer in the male than in the 

 female, and may be wanting in 

 the latter; last dorsal ray con- 

 nected by a membrane with one 

 or two scutes following it ; ab- 

 domen completely naked. 

 o. D. I, 7 or I, 8. 



12. Pseudaiuistrus Bleeker. 

 00. D. I, 9 or I. 10. 

 13. Delturus Eigenmann & Eigenmann. 

 /;. Teeth few, spoon-shaped. 



p. Interoperculum without evertible 

 spines. 14. Cochliodon Heckel. 

 pp. Interoperculum with some slender, 

 evertible spines. 



15. Panaquc Eigenmann. 

 I!. Snout with naked margin. 



q. Mouth wide, the length of mandibular 

 ramus nearly equal to the interorbital 

 width ; naked margin of snout not 

 very wide, without tentacles. 



16. Chtvtostomiis Tschudi. 

 qq. Mouth moderate or narrow, the length 

 of mandibular ramus considerably 

 less than the interorbital width. 

 r. Snout with a broad, naked margin, 

 without tentacles. 

 17. Xenocara Regan. (Type, the 

 first species, A', latifroiis Canther.) 

 rr. Snout with tentacles, the naked 

 margin broad in males, narrow 

 in females. t8. Ancistriis Kner. 

 hh. Premaxillaries much shorter th.<in the dentaries 

 and with fewer teeth. 

 J. Premaxillaries united ; body not greatly de- 



Plecostomus spinosissimus Steindach- 

 ner, Regan, 208. 



Habitat: Guayaquil, Pacific slope of 

 Ecuador. 



pressed. 19. PseudacaiUlticus Bleeker. 



jj-. Premaxillaries not united ; body much 



depressed. 20. Lithoxus Eigenmann. 



First two scutes of the lower lateral series below 



the temporal i)late and in contact with it above. 



21. Acaiithicus Spix. 



1 emporal plates imperforate. 



b. An adipose dorsal fin. 22. Hypoptopoma Giinther. 



bh. No adipose fin. 



23. Oxyropsis Eigenmann & Eigenmann. 

 . Temporal plates perforated like a sieve. 

 <-. Abdomen covered with three longitudinal series of 

 plates. 

 il. An adipose dorsal fin. 



24. Parotocinclus Eigenmann & Eigenmann. 



dd. No. adipose dorsal fin. 25. Otocinclus Cope. 



Ci. Abdomen naked or covered with numerous small 



plates, irregularly arranged. 



26. Mkrolepidogaster Eigenmann & Eigenmann. 



LoRIC.^RII.N.E. 



Teeth in the jaws in small or moderate number, not 



setiform ; a more or less distinct orbital notch. 

 h. Snout rounded or pointed, not, or not much pro- 

 duced. 27. Lorkaria Linnaeus. 

 bb. Snout produced, with a long rostrum. 

 (-. Snout expanded at tip. 



28. Hemiodontkhthys Bleeker. 

 (-1-. Snout pointed, not expanded at tip. 



29. Reganella Eigenmann. 

 . Teeth in the jaws numerous, setiform; orbit cir- 

 cular, without distinct notch. 

 (/. Dorsal opposite to the ventrals. 



e. Snout rounded or pointed, not produced as a 

 rostrum ; lateral keels obsolete. 



30. Harttia Steindachner. 



ee. Snout produced, forming a distinct rostrum ; 



sides of the head in the male margined 



with bristles. 31. Stitrisoma Swainson. 



dd. Dorsal opposite to the anal ; snout very long. 



body very slender. 



32. Farlowella Eigenmann & Eigenm.ann. 



Neoplecostomin.-e. 

 Elongate ; upper part of body enclosed in bony 

 scutes ; eyes small, teeth bifid, in a single series ; 



an adipose fin. 

 33. Neophfosloi. 



Eigenmann cS: Eigenr 



