NECTURUS MACULATUS. A37 
EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 
(The outlines of all the figures were drawn with a camera, three times the natural size in the majority of the cases. 
Since, however, the originals varied considerably in size, the resulting figures cannot be considered as proportionate to one 
another. The figures of the chondrocranium, for example (pl. 63, figs. 4, 5), were drawn from a very small specimen and 
enlarged four times, but the resulting figures are almost exactly comparable with those of the entire skull (pl. 63, figs. 2, 3) 
drawn from a medium sized specimen at a magnification of but three diameters. A large skull at two diameters would give 
about the size of figures 2 and 3.) 
ABBREVIATIONS USED. 
(The abbreviations given in the following list include those used in the figures, as well as those employed in the text 
at various places.) 
1. Bones. 
A —atlas. 
ANG — angulare. 
BB — basibranchiale 2 
CS — costa sacralis. 
DENT — dentale. 
EXO — exoccipitale. 
F — frontale. 
FB — fibula. 
FM — femur (diaphysis). 
H—“Ist haemal arch vertebra” (see text). 
HM — humerus (diaphysis). 
IL — ilium. 
IS — ischium. 
MC — metacarpalia. 
MT — metatarsalia. 
OO — opisthoticum. 
OP — operculum. 
P — parietale. 
PB — parabasale. 
PH — phalanges. 
PMX — premaxillare. 
PO — pro-oticum. 
PPT — palato-pterygoideum. 
PQ — paraquadratum. 
Q— quadratum. 
R—radius. 
S— sacrum. 
SC — scapula. 
SPL — spleniale. 
T— tibia. 
UL— ulna. 
V — vomer. 
2. Other Designations. 
Abbreviation. Name. Location. 
a. b-o. — arcus basi-occipitalis. 
art. —articulare (Meckel’s cartilage). 
a. S—-O. — arcus supra-occipitalis. 
b. b. 1. — basibranchiale 1. 
br. — bronchus. 
ce. —carpalia. 
caps. nas. —capsula nasalis. 
caps. opt. — capsula optica. 
caps. ot. — capsula otica. 
cart. lat. — cartilago lateralis. 
cart. Mk. — cartilago Meckelii. 
c. b. 1-2. — ceratobranchiale 1 et 2. 
cent. — centrale. 
c. h. —ceratohyale. 
cond. ext. — condylus externus. H and FM. 
cond. int.— condylus internus. H and FM. 
cond. oc. — condylus occipitalis. EXO. 
Abbreviation. Name. Location 
cor.— coracoideum. 
er. lat.— crista lateralis FM. 
er, mus.— crista muscularis. Pelvic girdle. 
er. temp.— crista temporalis. F. 
er. ventr.— crista ventralis. H and FM. 
e. b. 1-4.— epibranchialia 1-4. 
epiph. ec. s.— epiphysis costae sacralis. 
epiph. il.— epiphysis ilii. 
. acet.— foramen acetabulare. 
. carp.— foramen carpale. 
cor.— foramen coracoideum. 
. mand.— foramen mandibulare. 
. obtur.— foramen obturatorium. 
. Sty.-m.— foramen stylo-mastoideum. 
rh Rh Fh FR Fh Fh rh 
. tars.— foramen tarsale. 
fib.— fibulare. 
fn. oval.— fenestra ovalis. 
