32 Salmon Hatching. 



that the wood of trees is formed; the hard part being always formed 

 of the vessels of which I have before spoken, embedded however 

 in the softer cells. Thus in an oak board, we may see perpen- 

 dicular and also horizontal lines of grain. Now, we shall find that 

 the perpendicular lines are hard, formed of the thickened vessels, 

 whereas the horizontal grain is soft, formed of the cells. At present 

 I have only made mention of the essential parts of which the cells 

 are composed, that is, of the different substances which they all 

 possess in common. But there are various other substances which 

 are found in different plants, some in solution, and some in 

 granules. Of these substances by far the most important are the 

 starch granules. These granules exist chiefly in the roots and 

 other parts of the plant most concealed from the light; just as, on 

 the contrary, the chlorophyle granules require as much light as 

 possible to develop them. The potato is a plant which contains a 

 considerable quantity of starch, but the greater amount of plants 

 contain it in some degree. The only other substances to which 

 I need now allude are the crystals or raphides, which are almost 

 universal in all plants. These crystals occur for the most part in 

 needle-like bundles, packed closely together within the cell. There 

 are also other deposits, which are found in the cells of different 

 plants, such are oil, sugar, but they are of comparatively minor 

 importance. 



May 5th, 1866. 



The Tenth Meeting of the Society was held at Mr. Hayward's 

 house. 



The following were the exhibitions : — 



Two beautiful Flint Knives and two Saws from the Danish tumuli, frota 

 the collection of J. W. Flower, Esq. By the President. 



Fossils from the Gault near Folkestone, including Ammonites, Uamites, 

 etc. By K. B. Hay ward, Esq. 



A British "War Implement. 



A Lizard, made of "type metal" at Rome; the process, which is an 

 interesting one, was described by the exhibitor. By W. Jekyll. 



Afterwards C. L. Tupper read the following Paper on "Salmon- 

 Hatching." 



