250 CLASS XV. 



LlNN^US quotes them). This species I'etains the tail veiy long, and is 

 smaller when adult than before the loss of the tail ; hence Merian and 

 Seba fell into the mistake that it undergoes a retrograde metamorphosis 

 into a fish ; it is met with in Surinam. 



Rana L. (exclusive of manj species). Membrane of tympanum 

 distinct. Anterior feet cloven, posterior palmate. Tongue oblong, 

 posteriorly deeply eraarginate, free, exsertile. Two lateral vocal 

 sacs in males, emerging externally in some when distended with 

 air. 



Sp. Rana esculenta L., Ecesel Hist. Ranar. Tab. 13 — 16, Sturm Deutschl. 

 Faun., Amphib. Heft i., Dadd. Rain., Gren. et Crap. PI. 15, fig. i, Bell 

 Hist. Brit. Rept. sec. ed. London, 1849, p. no; the green frog, der griine 

 WasserfroscJi ; green above, with black spots, under-surface of body whitish ; 

 the vocal sacs in this species become visible externally (see above, p. 221). 

 The croak, very loud and especially by night, is heard at a great distance. 

 This species is very common in Holland, but in England is confined to par- 

 ticular localities. — Rana temporaria L., Rcesel 1. 1. Tab. i. — viii. Sturm 

 1. 1. Daud. pi. 13, fig. 2, Bell 1. 1. p. 89; the hrownfrog; yellow-brown 

 or reddish ; a dark brown longitudinal spot behind the eyes, which passes 

 obliquely over the membrane of tympanum and ends in a point backwards. 

 In this species the vocal sacs do not pass out externally. Rana temporaria 

 contains, according to Steenstrup, two species, oxyrliinus and platyrhinus. 

 The last is the most common {Bericht der i^te Versamml. der deutschen 

 Naturf or seller, in Kiel.). See also Thomas Ann. des Sc. nat. 4ifeme 

 s^rie, Tom. IV. 1855, p. 365. These animals make only a growling sound, 

 especially when uneasy and in pairing time ; at this time only do they live 

 in water, at other times they keep on land. A very large species of this 

 genus occurs in the East Indies, Rana ciUipora Dum. and Bibr., Rana 

 sapaiiue Keinw. M. S., Dactylethra henghalensis! Lesson Illustr. de Zool. 

 PI. 47, and one still larger in North America, Ratia mugiens Merr., the 

 Bidl-frog of Catesbt. Most of the species of the genus Rana of modern 

 writers are from the eastern hemisphere. 



On some other sub-genera, here omitted, cons. Dumeril and 

 BiBRON 1. 1. Vol. VIII. In habit, and especially in the small and 

 slender fore feet, Lejytohrachium TsCHum differs from the rest of the 

 Ranee. 



Sp. Rana Hasseliii Mus. L. B. ; head broad, depressed ; back obscurely 

 fuscous, with black spots. Hab. in Java. 



ff Apices of fingers and toes dilated orhicidately. 



Hyla Laur., Fitzinger and others, Galamita ScHN., Merr. 



The tree-frogs, Rainettes, Lauhfrosche. These frogs live on trees 

 and climb with ease, like the Geckos amongst the Saurians. The 



