398 CLASS XVI. 



Totmius Bechst., Cuv., Temm. (spec, of Scolopax L., spec, of 

 Tringa Briss.). Bill moderate or elongate, straight or ascending, 

 compressed, acuminate, harder at the tip. Feet elongate, with tarsi 

 slender, scutellate anteriorly. Middle toe conjoined at the base 

 with outer hy membrane; hallux scarcely resting on the ground. 

 Wings moderate, with first quill longest. 



Sp. Totanus fnscus Leisl., Scolopax fusca L., Buff. PI. enl. 875, Naum. 

 Taf. 200; the dusky sandpiper ; feeds on small fresh-water conchifers and 

 insects; — Totanus calidris Bechst., Scolopax caUdris L., Buff. PL enl. 

 827, 845, Naum. Taf. 199; the redshank sandpdper; base of the bill red, 

 legs yellow-red ; this bird broods in large quantities on the meadows in 

 Holland. 



The species with the bill curved upwards form the genus Glottis of 

 NiLSSON and Brehm, Totanus glottis Bechst., Scolopax glottis L., Naum. 

 Taf. 201, the green-shank J this bird, besides water-insects, feeds on small 

 fishes. 



Sub-genus: Actiiis Brehm, Keijserl. and Blas., Tringoides 

 BoNAP., Gray. Groove of bill extending to the tip. Tail pro- 

 duced beyond the points of the wings. 



Sp. Totanus hypoleucus Temm., Tringa hypoleucos L., Buff. PI. enl. 850, 

 Naum. Taf. 194; common sandpiper. 



Himantojms Bktss., Hyjisihates NiTZSCH. Bill elongate, straight, 

 slender, acuminate, with groove extending on each side to the 

 middle. Nostrils linear, lateral. Feet very long, very thin, with 

 tarsi reticulate. Toes moderate, conjoined at the base; expanded 

 membrane between the outer toes. Wings very long, pointed, with 

 first quill much surpassing the rest. Tail subeven, short. 



Sp. Hinuintopus melanopterus Meyer, Charadrius Himantopus L., Buff. 

 PI. enl. 878, Lesson Ornith. PI. 104, fig. i, Naum. Taf. 203; white, the 

 back and wings greenish black and shining ; the long legs red. This bird, 

 closely allied to Totanus, has at first sight some resemblance to a stork in 

 miniature ; it lives in the South and particularly the South-East of Europe, 

 and in some parts of Asia and Africa. Himantopus, under which name 

 this bird occurs in Plinius, Lib. ix. cap. 47, denotes that the legs are as 

 thin as string, lonpes. — A very similar species occurs in North America : 

 Himantopus Wilsonii Temm., Arocetta Himantopus Wilson, American 

 Ornith. PI. 58, fig. 2 ; another at New Holland, New Guinea, Timor, &c., 

 Himantopus leucocephalus Gould. 



CladorhyncJius Gray, Leptorhynchus DuRUS. 



iVbte.— Characters nearly of the preceding genus, but feet palmate, tarsi 

 more robust; this form is intermediate between the preceding genus and 



