502 CLASS XVI. 



emarginate behind the tip, produced beyond lower. Nostrils basal, 

 rounded, partly covered by plumes of forehead. Tarsi of the 

 length of middle toe or longer than it. Wings with nine primaries, 

 first four subequal, second and third mostly longest of all. Tail 

 even. 



A nunaerous genus of mostly small American birds, often with shining- 

 coloured plumage, in great part from the southern hemisphere. From the 

 form of the bill and other characters different sub-genera have been dis- 

 tinguished, 



Ehamphopis ViEiLL. Lower mandible dilated at the base, with horny 

 covering produced beyond the upper, 



Sp. Tanagra jacapa L., Briss. Ornith. ii. Tab. 38, fig. 3; Buff. PI. enl. 

 128, Less, Ornith. PI. 54, fig. 2; Cayenne, Caraccas; dark red-brown, 

 the breast in the male red; bill red. 



Tanagra GraT. Bill compressed towards the tip, emarginate. Wings 

 with second and third quills longest of all. (Add CalUste BoiE, Gray.) 



Sp. Tanagra episcopus L., Briss. Ornith. in. Tab. 3, fig. 2, Buff. PL enl. 

 178, fig. I ; — Tanagra tatao L., Briss. Ornith. in. Tab. i, fig. i. Buff. PI. 

 enl. 7, fig. I, 127, fig. 2, Diet. univ. d'Hist. nat., Ois. PI. 11. c, fig. i, &c. 

 See fig. in Sclater's beautiful publication, PI. i. A Monograph of the 

 Birds forming the Tanagrine genus CalUste, illustrated by coloured plates. 

 By Philip Lutley Sclater, Iiondon, 8vo, Part i. 



Euphone Desmar. Bill with culmen keeled, curved, with margin of 

 upper mandible often dentate. Wings with second quill longest. Tail 

 short, subemarginate. 



Sp. Tanagra chlorotica L., Briss. Ornith. ill. Tab. 2, fig. 3, Buff. PI. enl. 

 114, fig. I, &c. 



Tackyphonus Yieill. Bill strong, shorter than head, or mode- 

 rate, with margins sinuate. Lateral nostrils placed in a fossa. 



Sp. Tanagra cristata L., Buff. PI. enl. 301, fig. i ; Tachyphonus sanguino- 

 lentus Less. Cent. Zool. PI. 39, &c.^ (For some other sub-genera, 

 omitted here, proposed by Vieillot and Swainson, see Gray Gener. of 

 Birds, II.) 



Family XLI. Alaudince. Primaries ten or nine. Secondaries 

 elongate. Wing-coverts short. Tarsi covered anteriorly and 

 posteriorly with transverse scutes, longer than middle toe. Outer 

 toes conjoined at the base only. Bill conical, mostly short, with 

 tip entire. 



1 Various other species of Tanagra are figured and described in this work. 



