MAMMALIA. 641 



Dicotyles Cuv. Hind feet tridactylous, the outer accessory hoof 



4 

 being deficient. Tubercle in the place of tail. Incisors -^ , canines 



c c 

 not assert, the vipper directed downwards, molars - — - , tuberculate. 



Sp. Sus torquatiLS Wagn., Dicotyles iorquatus Cuv., Desm., Buff. Hist. nat. 

 X. 3, 4, SCHEEB. Sdugth. Tab. 325 (figure copied from Buffon's work). 

 Tab. 325 A, Diet. imiv. d'Hist. nat., ^famvi. PL 10 B, fig. i ; South 

 America and the most southern parts of the United States ;— >S'ms labiatus, 

 Dicotyles labiatus Cuv., Dicotyles alhirostris Illig., Schreb. Sdugth. Tab. 

 325 B, Maxim. Ahh. zur Naturgesch. Bras. Lief. 15, Gukrin Iconogr., 

 Mamniif. PI. 38, fig. i ; South America. Both of these small species of 

 hog live in the forests of the New World, and are, equally with the common 

 hog introduced by Europeans, called by the Guaranis, Tayazou; hence the 

 name of Sus Tajacu, by which Linn^us named, principally indeed, the 

 first species, but also confounded the two. See on the anatomy Ttson 

 Phil. Trans. 1683, p. 359, Daubenton in Bupfon; on the dorsal gland in 

 particular Seifeet (under the presidence of Rudolphi) Spicilegia acle- 

 nologica, Berolini, 1823, p. lo. Tab. II., and J. MuELLEE De glandular, 

 secern, structura, p. 41, Tab. 11. fig. 2. 



Phacochcerus F. Cuv. All the feet tetradactylous. Tail short. 

 A fleshy wart under each eye. Molar teeth various in number 



3 3 Q Q 



according to age, ^ — - — - — - , the last very long, composed of 



cylindi'ical tubes surrounded by enamel, closely conjoined; canines 



2 

 large, exsert, directed upwards and outwards. Incisoi's either -^ , 



or the lower only four, deciduous. 



Sp. Sus cethiopicus L. {Syst. nat. ed. 12, iii. p. 223), Phacochcerus Pallasii 

 V. D. HoEV., Owen ; — Vosmaer Bcschr. van hct Afi-ikaansch hreedsnuitig 

 varJcen, Amsterd. 1766, 4to (with a col. fig.), Pall. Misc. Zool. Tab. 11. 

 Spic. Zool. II. Tab. i ; without persistent incisors ; at the Cape of Good 

 Hope; the Ethiopian Wart-hog. — Sus^liani, Sus Afncanus Gm., Phacho- 

 chcerus ^liani, Eueppell Ail. zu der Reise im nordl, Africa, 1826, Tab. 

 25, 26, GUEEIN Iconogr., Mammif. PL 38, fig. 2 ; with persistent incisors ; 

 in Abyssinia, at the coast of Guinea and in Mosambique; the African 

 Wart-hog. — It was incorrectly supposed that the molars succeed each other 

 here as in the elephant. There are originally three milk-molars and three 

 permanent molars; of the first two molars that replace the milk-teeth 

 {prcemolars) the last persists, and of the unchangeable hind molars the 

 hindmost alone remains. Owen has convincingly exiilained the dentition 

 of these animals with his usual profundity ^. 



1 According to CuviEK {Rech. s. les Ossein, foss. 11. i, p. 124, R, Ani. i. p. 245) 

 the two middle metacarpal and metatarsal bones in Dicotyles coalesce as in ruminants ; 

 VOL. II. 41 



