MAMMALIA. 699 



fig. 6'.) The intellectual faculties of the seals appear to be very 

 considerable, and they possess much docility ^ What has been said 

 refers principally to the common species, Phoca vitulina, which has 

 been most observed and investigated. 



Compare Blainville Sur qiielques crdnes de Phoques, Journal de Physique, 

 1820, Octobre, Tome xo. pp. -286 et suiv.; W. Vbolik Specimen anatomico- 

 zoologicum de Phocis, speciativi de Phoca vitulina, Traj. ad Rhen. 1822, 

 Svo, c. Tab. ; Ddvernoy Rech. anat. sur les organes du mouvement du 

 Phoque commun, Mem. du Mus. ix. 1822, pp. 49 — 79, pp. 165 — -169 ; 

 F. CuviER De quelques especes de Phoques et des groupes gaieriques entre 

 lesquels eJles se partagent, Mem. du Mus. xi. 1824, pp. 174 — 214, PI. 12, 

 15 ; Rosenthal Vchcr die Sinnesorganc der Scehunde, Nov. Act. Acad. 

 Leop. Car. xii. 2, 1825, s. 673 — 694, ejusd. Zur Anatomic der Seehunde, 

 ibid. XV. 2, 1831, s. 313 — 348, Tab. 75 — 77, E. H. Weber Einige Bemer- 

 himgen ilb. d. Bau des Seehundes, Berichte iib. die Verhandl. der Kon. 

 Sachs. Gesellsch. d. Wiss., Math. Phys. Kl. 1850, s. 108 — 129, &c. 



For a description of the northern species may be consulted : G. Fa- 

 BRicius Udforlig Beslcrirelse over de Gronlandske SJccele; Skrivter af 

 naturh. Selskahet. Kjobenhavn, i. 1790, pp. 79 — 157, I. 2, 1791, pp. 73 — 

 170; Thienemann «. Guenthee Reise im Norden Europa's, vorziigiich in 

 Island, le Abth. Leii^zig, 1823, Svo, (with col. figures); and especially 

 S.NiLSSON Shandinavish Fauna, 1. 2Uppl. Lund, 1847, 8vo, pp. 274 — 317. 

 The same savant also gave in the Transactions of the Academy of 

 Stockholm for 1837 a review of the whole family, of which a German 

 translation may be found in Arch, fur Naturgesch. 1841, p. 301. 



The genus Phoca of LiNN^US has by modern zoologists been divided 

 into various genera. For this end Peron employed the absence or the 

 presence of external ears ; Blainville borrowed his characters from the 

 number of the incisor teeth ; F. CuviER from the form of the skull and 

 from the disposition of the molars. 



t External ears none. 



Cystopliora NlLSS. [Macrorliinus F. Cuv.), Stemmatops F, Cuv.^ 



4 . . . ^—^ 



Incisor teetli j.- , conic ; canines tliick, laree, molars -z — ^ , with 

 ^ — 5 



^ In no individual, however, of the Otarice investigated by me have the whiskers, 

 which are very thick and homy in that genus, these sinuous margins. 



^ Plinii Hist. Nat. Lib. ix. c. 13. Compare F. Cdvieb Observations zoologiques 

 sur les facultes physiques et intellectuelles du Phoque commun, Ann. du Mus. xvii. 

 PP- 377—397- 



3 "Qui signifie front couronne," Mem. du Mus. XI. p. 200, Diet, des Sc. Nat. 

 xxxix. p. 550. Consequently the author wrote incorrectly Stcmmatopus, from which 

 again the unmeaning etymology of Ag assiz was derived ; Nomenclaior Mammal. 

 p. 32. The name is an imitation of that of Phoca mitrata. 



