748 CLASS XVII. 



5 — 5 



remote from incisors ; molars equably enamelled, triturators, ^ — ■= 



6-6 . 



or 7^ — 7i . Face denuded. Fore feet often longer than hind feet, 

 b — o 



Third (or middle) finger both of fore and hind feet longest of all. 



The monkeys form with LiNNiEUS a single genus only, Simia (in the 



1 2th edition of the Syst. nat. with 33 species). Modern writers have here 



adopted many genera, whilst the number of species has increased to about 



180. Three large genera may be distinguished, which many now regard 



^ as separate families. 



+ Spurious molars ' ^. 



^ 3—3 



Phalanx I. Hemipitheci. Feet pentadactylous, with thumb of 

 palms not remote from the other fingers. Nails incurved, com- 

 pressed, acute, except that of thumb of soles, which is flat, broad. 



5 — 5 

 Molar teetli ^ — - . 



Hapale Illig. [Jacchus, Midas Geoffe.). False molars with 

 outer margin unicuspidate, true with outer margin bicuspidate, the 

 upper with crown broader than long, the last in both jaws smaller. 

 Face obtuse; nostrils severed by a broad septum, opening laterally; 

 Tail long, villous. 



* With lower incisors long, narrow, convex outwards. {Jacchus Geoffr.) 

 Sp. Hapale Jacchus, Simia Jacchus L., Buff. XV. PL 14 (cop. in Schreb. 

 Tab. 33), AuDEB. Singes, Fam. 6, Sect. 2, PI. 4, ouistiti; grey with black 

 ringed tail and white tufts at the ears ; — Hapale penicillata, Jacchus peni- 

 cillatus Geoffr., Cuv. R. Ani., ed. ill., Mammif. PI. 19, fig. i, &c. 

 ** With lower incisors short, Irroad. {Midas Geoffr.) 

 Sp. Hapale osdipus, Simia (Edij)ns L., Buff. xv. PI. 17, Pinche, Schkeb, 

 Sdugfh. Tab. 34 (fig. of Edwards), Audeb. 1. 1. PI. t ; grey-brown, white 

 below, tail ruddy ; long white hair on the head and neck ; — Hapale rosalia, 

 Simia Rosalia L., Buff. xv. PI. 16, Audeb. 1. 1. PI. 3; light russet- 

 coloured, the tail often browner ; — Hapale midas, Simia Midas L., Midas 

 rufimanus Geoffr., Buff. xv. PI. 13, Audeb. 1.1. PI. 5; dark brown, 

 with yellow-russet hands; in Guiana and Surinam. The I'est of the received 

 species are from Brasil ; some occur also in Peru. 



These small monkeys live together in the great forests of South America 

 in numerous troops ; they feed on insects and fruits, and jump about on the 

 trees like squirrels. — The skeleton, in most of the species, presents twelve 

 dorsal and seven lumbar vertebrae; the caudal vertebrae are from 26 to 31. 

 The frontal bone in many extends between the orbits above the nasal 

 bones and is convex at that part. 



Phalanx II. Hesperopitheci. Nails rounded, truncate or ob- 

 tuse anteriorly. Fore feet in some tetradactylous, in some penta- 



