752 CLASS XVII. 



1 — 2 



"H" Spurious molars . 



Phalanx III. Heopitheci. Nails flat or sulDrotund, obtuse at the 

 apex. Fore feet pentadactyloiis, with thumb remote, very rarely 



5 — 5 



tetradactylous without thumb. Molar teeth p — p , false molars 



o — o 



tuberculate. Nostrils severed by a small, narrow septum, opening 

 obliquely under the nose. (Tail never prehensile, sometimes 

 none. Eegion at the tubers of ischium almost always destitute of 

 hair, callous.) 



A. Buccal pouches. Nates callous. 

 Cynocephalus Cuv. Last molar tooth of lower jaw witli one or 

 two accessory tubercles; the two other true molars quadritubercu- 

 late. Face produced into a truncate snout. Eyes small, approxi- 

 mate, placed beneath the transverse ridge of the exsert margin of 

 frontal bone. Trunk declining backwards. Tail very short or 

 moderate, inserted high, with tip often tufted. 



a) With tail very short {Papio Briss., Erxl., Mormon), 

 Sp. Cynocephalus maimon, Simia Maimon L. (and Simla mormon Allsteo- 

 MER, Gm.) Buff. Suppl. vii. PI. 9, Audeb. Singes, 11. 2, PI. i, Gov. 

 Menag. du Mus. i. pp. 334 — 345, Guer. Iconogr., Mammif. PL 3, fig. 2; 

 the mandril; a large, brownish-black naonkey, the belly dirty-white, a 

 yeUow beard, the nose in the adult red and the face on each side purple- 

 blue, with deep, longitudinal folds; in Africa at the Gold Coast. — Cynoce- 

 phalus leucophceus Desm., Simia leucophcea Cuv., Ann. du Mus. ix. p. 477, 

 PI. 37, Mammif. (ed. 4to), PI. 48—52. 



h) With tail moderate, tufted at the tip {Cynocephalus in stricter sense). 

 Sp. Cynocephalus sphinx, Simia Sphinx L., Buff. xiv. PI. 13, 14 (with tail 

 truncated)', Audeb. Singes, iii. PI. i, 2, Cynocephalus papio Cuv. Mammif. 

 (ed. 4to), PI. 44, 45 ; coast of Guinea, Senegal. A similarly formed, but 

 more darkly coloured monkey represents this species in South Africa: 

 Cynocephalus porcarius, Simia porcariu Boddaert, Naturforscher xxil. 

 Tab. r, Guer. Iconogr., Mammif. PI. 3, fig. i ; it is the black ape of the 

 colonists. — Cynocephalus papio {Cynocephalus babuin Desm.) Cuv. Mem. du 

 Mus. IV. PI. 19; — Cynocephalus hamadryas, Simia hamadryas L., Buff. 

 Svppl. VII. PI. 10, Schreb. Sdugth. Tab. 10, lo*, Cuv. Mammif. (ed. 4to), 

 PI. 46 ; these two last-named species live in Abyssinia ; the last is the 

 monkey, sacred to the god Thoth, of the Egyptians, so often represented 

 on their monuments ; see Ehrenberg Ueber den Cynocephalus, &c. Berlin, 

 1834, 4to. 



In Asia also some species of this genus occur, Cynocephalus niger Desm. 

 and Papio nigrescens Temm. , both from Celebes, and the (formerly referred 

 to Macacus) Cynocephalus silenus, Simia Silenus L., Buff. xiv. PI. 18, 

 Zool. Gardens, i. p. 21, Cuv. Mammif. ed. 4to, PI. 38 ; this monkey has been 



