The Geology of Cincinnatt. 59 
In Volume VI of the Reports of the Geological Survey of 
Ohio, Prof. Orton* shows that the black Utica slate or shale, 
300 feet thick under cover at Findlay, gradually thins toward 
the south and is finally lost by overlap of the Hudson River 
shale, and considers, that if any part of the series exposed at 
Cincinnati and vicinity belongs to the Utica, it is the fifty to 
too feet of greenish blue shale overlying the Point Pleasant 
or Trenton limestone, but thinks that, on the whole, the evi- 
dence is against their having been formed contemporaneously 
with the black Utica shale of northern Ohio. 
Ill. Hill Quarry Beds — (Lorraine Group.) 
To that division of the Cincinnati beds proper, that overlies 
the Eden or middle shales, Prof. Orton gave the name Hill 
Quarry beds with a thickness of 150 feet. The layer at the 
top of the highest hills in the city of Cincinnati, which con- 
tains the large Orthis (Platystrophia) lynx, and which was 
traced into adjoining counties on the east and north, was con- 
sidered to mark the boundary between this division and the 
next succeeding, to which he gave the name Lebanon beds. 
The name Lorraine shales was given by Ebenezer Emmonst 
to a series of shales finely exposed in the gorges of Lorraine 
and Rodman in Jefferson County, New York, overlying the 
Utica slate, and consisting of thin beds of gray sandstone, 
alternating with fine argillaceous slates of a greenish color, 
even bedded, and in the upper part highly fossiliferous. He 
did not correlate it with the Hudson River group. 
No attempt was made to apply the name to strata in the 
Mississippi valley, until it became quite evident that the term 
Hudson River group wasa misnomer. In their correlation of 
strata Winchell and Ulrich} propose to use the name Lorraine 
group for the 200 feet of strata at Cincinnati overlying the 
shale beds which they refer to the Utica.§ The term has also 
been used by Mr. Charles Schuchert in his ‘‘ Synopsis of 
American Fossil Brachiopoda,|| but he has made it include the 
strata to which the term Richmond group is now applied. 
* Geol. Ohio, VI, 1888, p. 8. 
7 Geol. New York, Part II, Survey of the Second Geol. District, 1842, p. 119. 
t Geol. Minnesota. ILI, Part II, 1897, p. cii. 
2 Ibid., p. cii. 
| Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey, No. 87, 1897. 
et 
