The Geology of Cincinnatt. 89 
side the upper is feebly developed toward the north, but 
becomes stronger toward the south, and probably has its 
strongest development in Kentucky. The Cumberland sand- 
stone of Kentucky probably belongs to this division. The 
Richmond beds of Tennessee,* and those formed in the 
western and northwestern parts of the ancient interior sea, 
now exposed at Wilmington and Sterling, Illinois, and Spring 
Valley, Minnesota, perhaps also those shown at Delafield and 
Iron Ridge, Wisconsin, all of which have been referred to 
the Cincinnati period, may represent a phase later than any 
of the Richmond of Ohio and Indiana. 
The Richmond group has a very extensive and varied 
fauna, and, as a whole, very different from the underlying 
Lorraine. Corals are unknown in the Lorraine, the Rich- 
mond has a considerable number. The bryozoan fauna of 
both lower and middle Richmond is very extensive; many 
new species of bryozoa have been. discovered which await 
description. 
The following list contains the species which, so far as 
present knowledge goes, range through the Richmond. 
CGLENTERATA. 
Labechia? papillata (James). (c) 
Protarea vetusta (Hall), variety. (c) 
Streptelasma rusticum Billings. (c) 
ECHINODERMATA. 
Iocrinus subcrassus Meek and Worthen, varieties. 
BRYOZOA. 
Berenicea sp. 
Ceramoporella granulosa Ulrich, 
variety. 
Ceramoporella ohioensis (Nichol- 
son). (c) 
Constellaria polystomella Nichol- 
son. 
Fenestella granulosa Whitfield. 
Homotrypa flabellaris Ulrich. (c) 
Homotrypella sp. 
Monotrypella quadrata (Romin- 
Sew\y wee 
Monotrypella subquadrata Ulrich. 
Peronopora decipiens(Rominger). 
(c) : 
Prasopora hospitalis (Nicholson). 
_ Stomatopora arachnoidea (Hall). 
(c) 
Stomatopora delicatula (James). 
s inflata (Hall). 
* For many of the factsin this paragraph I am indebted to Mr. E. O. Ulrich, whose 
field investigations, particularly in Tennessee, promise to throw a great deal of light 
upon the Richmond and other Ordivician formations. 
