Shorter Articles and Reviews of Recent Important 
Literature 
NATURAL CONTROL OF WHITEFLIES IN FLORIDA 
A, W. MORRILL, PH. D., AND E. A. BLACK, PH. D. 
Investigations of fungus parasitic on whitefly have been con- 
ducted by the authors in 1906, 1908, 1909, and by the authors 
and Mr. E. L. Worsham of Georgia in 1907. 
In Florida there are three lady-beetles that feed upon white- 
fly eggs and larve but do not greatly check the fly. They are 
Chilocorus bivulnerus Muls., Cycloneda sanguinea .., and 
Scymnus punctatus Melsh. There is also a capsid bug and two or 
three chrysopids as well as several species of spiders, some ant 
species and a thrips, all of which are to some extent predaceous 
on whitefly. 
Whitefly seems to decrease markedly during strong, drying 
winds and large range of temperature. Unexplained mortality 
is also a large factor in natural control, as are dropping from 
the leaves and overcrowding. 
It is about fungi parasitic on the fly, however, that the 
authors have most to say. Of these, Aschersonia aleyrodis 
Webber (red fungus) sends its mycelial rootlets into larve of 
the fly and thus kills them. It is almost free from hyper-parasitic 
fungi. 
Aschersoma flavo-citrina P. Henn. (yellow fungus), closely 
resembling the red, is parasitic on the cloudy-winged whitefly 
but is itself subject to a hyper-parasitie fungus (Cladiosporum 
sp.) which, particularly in dry seasons, prevents its being very 
effective. 
The brown fungus (Aegerita webberi Fawcett), also infests 
whitefly, often with great success, since its hyper-parasitic fun- 
gus (Comothyrium sp.) seems scarcely to check its work. 
A number of fungi are next spoken of, which it appears are 
of no substantial value in reducing whitefly. They are white- 
fringe fungus, Sporotrichum, and the cinnamon fungus. 
