192 JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY 
internal organs separated with needle points. The best results 
from this method were obtained from formalin fixation, for this 
reagent left the tissues more transparent and less fused with 
each other. The trachee within the nervous system were demon- 
strated by mounting the freshly removed nervous system to a 
glycerine solution. The air in the tubes made them clear and 
conspicuous structures. 
GENERAL F'orM oF THE GAaNnctIA. The central nervous system 
consists of a closely fused mass of supra- and sub-esophageal 
ganglia. From above, the ‘‘brain’’? forms a nearly spherical 
dorsal mass. Back of this and below the esophagus, but closely 
connected with the brain is the fused sub-esophageal and 
thoracic ganglia. This is not easily seen from above, but when 
removed from the body it is evident. The globular supra- 
esophageal ganglion or brain has two pairs of nerves closely 
associated with its cephalic end. The more dorsal of these is 
the ocular pair which comes to the brain from the simple eyes on 
the sides of the head. The more ventral is the mandibular, or 
rostro-mandibular. 
The sub-esophageal ganglion has four pairs of nerves for the 
legs and a larger cephalic pair supplied to the pedipalps. This 
larger branch divides into two within the appendage and one of 
these parts soon divides again. This is similar to the branching 
shown by Newport in the pedipalps of the scorpion. Two small 
nerves extend from the caudal region of the ganglion towards 
the abdomen. 
TRACHEAL SUPPLY TO THE NERVous System. From the cephalic 
abdominal region two large tracheal tubes run forward a short 
distance and then break up into bundles of very small branches. 
Many of these fine tracheoles pass in masses forward to the 
thoracic and head region and into the central nervous system. 
Two chief bundles come to the ganglionic mass from caudal 
regions, the smaller more lateral bundle is more superficial, it 
divides into two smaller groups of tubules, a lateral and a me- 
dian. Both of these send tracheoles to the brain and some small 
strands run beyond up into the upper regions of the head. The 
more ventral of the two chief bundles of tracheoles also divides 
