188 PASSIFLOREZ. [Passiflora.. 
regular, hermaphrodite or unisexual, axillary, solitary or in cymes- 
or racemes. Calyx-tube short or long; lobes 4-5, valvate or im- 
bricate. Petals as many as the calyx-lobes or wanting, inserted 
on the calyx-tube, free or connate. Corona of one or more rows of 
filamentous appendages arising from the calyx-tube, rarely wanting. 
Stamens 3-5, rarely more, usually springing from the base of the 
calyx, but filaments often monadelphous and adnate to the stalk 
of the ovary to near the top. Ovary superior, free, elevated on a 
stalk (gynophore) or sessile, 1-celled, with 3-5 parietal placentas ; 
tyles 3-5 or single; ovules numerous, pendulous, anatropous. 
Fruit succulent or capsular. Seeds numerous, ovoid or compressed, 
often arillate ; albumen fleshy; embryo straight, cotyledons flat. 
A small order, chiefly tropical in its distribution, and most abundant in 
South America. Genera 18; species about 250. The fruit of several species of 
Passiflora (passion-fruit) is valued on account of the cooling and refreshing 
pulp surrounding the seeds ; the large-fruited kind, known as grenadilla, being 
specially prized. The very different-looking papaw is now everywhere cultivated 
in the tropics for its large fruit, which, though insipid, is cooling and antiseptic. 
The only genus found in New Zealand (Passiflora) is mainly South American, 
but has a few outlying species in Australasia, the Pacific islands, and tropical 
Asia. 
1. PASSIFLORA, Linn. 
Climbing shrubs. Leaves simple or palmately lobed or divided, 
often with glands on the undersurface and petiole; tendrils axil- 
lary. Flowers axillary, solitary or racemose. Calyx-tube short, 
lobes 4-5. Petals 4-5, rarely wanting, inserted on the throat of 
the calyx. Corona of one or several rings of coloured filaments 
arising from the calyx-tube. Stamens as many as the calyx-lobes ; 
filaments adnate to the stalk of the ovary; anthers versatile. 
Ovary superior, elevated on a long stalk or gynophore, 1-celled ; 
styles 3; stigmas capitate. Fruit succulent or pulpy, indehiscent 
or obscurely 3-valved. 
A large genus of over 120 species, chiefly tropical, and most plentiful in 
South America. The New Zealand species is endemic, and constitutes the 
section Setrapathea, characterized by the unisexual tetramerous flowers and 
ebracteate peduncles. 
1. P. tetrandra, Banks and Sol. ex D.C. Prodr. iii. 323.—A 
glabrous climber, ascending to the tops of the highest trees; trunk 
woody, often 3-4 in. diam.; branches slender, terete. Leaves al- 
ternate, petiolate, 1-4 in. long, oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceo- 
late, acuminate, eglandular, quite entire, smooth and glossy; 
tendrils slender, elongated. Flowers unisexual, greenish, }in. 
diam., in 2-4-flowered cymes or solitary ; pedicels slender, jointed 
about the middle. Calyx-lobes 4, oblong, obtuse. Petals the same 
number and about the same size. Corona of numerous yellowish 
filaments. Male flowers with 4 stamens; filaments long, diverging. 
Females with a stipitate ovary, usually with short barren stamens 
at the base ; styles 2 or 3. Fruit nearly globose, orange, 1—14in.. 
