Crantzia.] UMBELLIFERS. 207 
7. CRANTZIA, Nutt. 
A small creeping herb. Leaves linear, terete or compressed, 
undivided, transversely septate. Umbels simple, with minute in- 
volucral bracts. Flowers minute. Calyx-teeth small. Petals con- 
cave, acute, imbricate in the bud. Fruit ovoid-globose, slightly 
flattened laterally. Carpels nearly terete, with 5 ribs separated by 
furrows, the lateral ribs forming a thick and corky mass near the 
commissure. Vittz 1 under each furrow and 2 at the commissure. 
A monotypic genus, found in the United States and Mexico, extra-tropical 
and Andine South America, Australia and Tasmania, and New Zealand. 
1. C. lineata, Nutt. Gen. N. Amer. Pl. i. 177.—Perfectly gla- 
brous. Rhizome slender, creeping and rooting at the nodes, 
2-6 in. long or more. Leaves usually tufted at the nodes, variable 
in size, $-4in. long, narrow-linear, fistulose, terete or sub-com- 
pressed, obtuse at the tip, transversely septate internally. Pe- 
duncles axillary, shorter than the leaves, filiform, bearing a single 
2-8-flowered umbel. Flowers white. Fruit j,in. long—Hook. f. 
Fl. Antarct. ii. 287, t. 100; Fl. Nov. Zel. i. 87; Handb. N.Z. Fil. 89; 
Benth. Fl. Austral. ui. 874; Kirk, Students’ Fl. 199. 
NortH AND SoutH Istanps, Stewart IsLAND, CHATHAM ISLANDS: 
Abundant in wet places from the North Cape southwards. Sea-level to 
2500 ft. November—February. 
A very variable little plant. When completely submerged the leaves are 
fistulose and terete, softer in texture, and usually much larger; but when 
growing in places that are dry for a considerable part of the year the leaves 
are often much compressed and minute. 
8. ACIPHYLLA, Forst. 
Erect and rigid usually spinescent glabrous perennials, often of 
large size. Leaves thick and coriaceous, pinnate or 2—3-pinnate, 
the rhachis transversely jointed at the insertion of the leaflets, leaf- 
segments usually ending in stout rigid spines. Umbels compound, 
in the axils of spinescent floral leaves or bracts, usually forming a 
more or less dense paniculate or spicate inflorescence; male umbels 
much more lax than the females. Flowers unisexual, usually dicw- 
cious. Calyx-teeth small or obsolete. Petals incurved, rarely with 
an inflexed tip. Stylopodia depressed in the male flowers, erect 
and conical in the female. Fruit oblong or linear-oblong; carpels 
with narrowly winged ridges, usually one 5-winged and the other 
4-winged, or both 5-winged or 4-winged, or not rarely one carpel is 
3-winged and the other 4-winged. Vitte 1-3 under each furrow 
and 2-5 on the commissural face. 
A genus confined to New Zealand, with the exception of 2 species found in 
the Australian Alps. It is mainly characterized by its remarkably distinct 
habit and spinescent leaves and bracts, the flowers and fruit being very similar 
to those of Ligusticwum. Two of the species—aA. Colensoi and A. squarrosa— 
often form almost impenetrable thickets in subalpine districts. 
