Pseudopanax. | ARALIACESS. 235 
4. P. crassifolium, C. Koch in Wochenschrift, ii. (1859) 336.— 
A small round-headed tree 20-50ft. high; trunk naked below, 
9-18in. diam. Leaves excessively variable, differing greatly at 
various stages of growth, the following being the chief forms: 
(1) of seedlings, rhomboid to ovate-lanceolate, cuneate at the base, 
coarsely toothed or lobed, membranous ; (2) of young unbranched 
plants, deflexed, very narrow linear, 6-36in. long, +-4in. wide, 
remotely and acutely toothed, excessively rigid and coriaceous, 
dull-green above, often purplish below; (8) in a more advanced 
stage, during which the stem commences to branch and flowers 
may appear, the leaves are erect or spreading, and may be either 
(a) 1-foliolate, 6-12 in. long, }-141in. wide, linear or linear-obovate, 
coarsely and acutely toothed, very coriaceous ; or (b) 3-5-foliolate 
with sessile leaflets 6-12in. long by 4-in. wide, coarsely and 
remotely toothed; (4) in the mature stage the leaves are 1-foliolate, 
3-8 in. long, 1-14 in. wide, linear to linear-oblong or linear-obovate, 
obtuse or subacute, narrowed into stout petioles 4—1in. long, entire, 
sinuate-serrate or coarsely toothed at the tip. Umbels terminal, 
compound; primary rays 4-10, 2-3in. long; secondary 4-10, 
4-lin. long; flowers racemose or umbelled; pedicels short. 
Ovary 5-celled or rarely 4-celled by abortion; styles the same 
number as the cells, connate into a cone. Fruit globose, Lin. 
diam.—Kirk, Forest Fl. t. 38, 384, 388, 38c, 3838p; Students’ Fl. 
9929. Aralia crassifolia, Sol. ex A. Cunn. Precur. n. 514; Hook. Ic. 
Plant. t. 583, 584; Raoul, Choix, 46; Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. i. 96. 
Panax crassifolium, Dene. and Planch. in Rev. Hort. (1854) 105; 
Hook. f. Handb. N.Z. Fl. 101; Kirk in Trans. N.Z. Inst. x. (1878) 
app. xxxili. P. longissimum, Hook. f.l.c. 102. P. coriaceum, Regel 
in Gartenfl. (1859) 45. Hedera crassifolia, A. Gray, Bot. U.S. Hxpl. 
Haped. 719. 
Var. @, unifoliolatum, Kirk, Forest Fl. 61.—Leaves of the third stage 
1-foliolate. 
Var. 0, trifoliolatum, Kirk, 1.c.—Leaves of the third stage 3—5-foliolate. 
NortH AnD Sours Istanps, StHwART IsntaAnD: Var. a abundant from 
Auckland southwards; var. b from the North Cape to Hawke’s Bay and Tara- 
a Sea-level to 2000 ft. Horoeka; Hohoeka; Lancewood. February- 
pri. 
Remarkable for its singularly protean foliage. For a detailed account refer- 
ence should be made to Kirk’s ‘‘ Forest Flora,’’ pp. 59 to 62; and to a paper 
by the same botanist in the ‘Transactions of the New Zealand Institute,’’ 
vol. x. app. xxxi. | 
d. P. ferox, 7. Kirk, Forest Fl. 35, t. 28, 24, 25, 26.—A small 
slender tree 12-20 ft. high; trunk 6-12in. diam. Leaves very 
variable, but always simple; of seedlings narrow linear-lanceolate ; 
of young unbranched plants deflexed, 12-18 in. long, 4-1 in. wide, 
narrow-linear, slightly enlarged at the tip, gradually narrowed into 
a short stout petiole, excessively thick and coriaceous, rigid, coarsely 
and irregularly lobulate-dentate ; teeth large, acute, hooked, almost 
