Gnaphaliwm.] COMPOSITE. 325 
florets very numerous, with a few hermaphrodite ones in the 
centre. Achene puberulous or glabrous. Pappus-hairs copious, 
very fine, connate at the base.—Benth. Fl. Austral. iti. 655 ; 
Kirk, Students’ Fl. 299. 
Var. Mackayi, T. Kirk, /.c—Much branched, densely tufted, forming close 
matted patches. Leaves imbricated on the short branches, heads smaller, 
sessile or on short scapes. Involucral bracts not so numerous, acute.—Raoulia 
Mackayi, Buch. in Trans. N.Z. Inst. xiv. (1882) 354, t. 34, f. 2. 
SoutH Istanp: Not uncommon in mountain districts from Nelson to 
Foveaux Strait. 1500-5500 ft. December—February. Also in Australia. 
A variable plant. The most developed form is almost simple, with long 
radical leaves and long and slender scapes; but it passes by almost imper- 
ceptible gradations into the extreme state of var. Mackayi, which forms broad 
much-branched patches, with short imbricated leaves and sessile heads. 
6. G. paludosum, Petrie in Trans. N.Z. Inst. xxii. (1890) 441. 
—Very slender, solitary or tufted, 1-2in. high. Leaves all radical, 
petiolate, 4+-14in. long, narrow linear-spathulate ; blade half the 
length or nearly so, acute or subacute, rather membranous, glabrous 
or slightly silky above, beneath clothed with white appressed 
tomentum; midrib prominent; margins flat or slightly recurved. 
Scapes few, hardly exceeding the leaves in the flowering stage, but 
elongating in fruit, very slender, almost capillary, cottony; bracts 
few, small, linear. Head solitary, terminal, tin. diam.; involucral 
bracts few, scarious, pale and glistening, darker at the tips, inner 
linear, glabrous. Female florets very numerous. Achene linear- 
oblong, papillose. Pappus-hairs very delicate, connate at the base. 
—Kirk, Students’ Fl, 299. G. minutulum, Col. in Trans. N.Z. Inst. 
xxii. (1890) 472. 
NorrH Is~anp: Base of Tongariro, Hill! Rangipo Plains and Ruahine 
Mountains, Petrie! Sourn Istanp: Not uncommon in mountain districts, 
usually in peaty swamps, from Nelson to Otago. 1000-4000 ft. December— 
January. 
Closely allied to G. Traversii, but easily separated by the smaller size and 
more slender habit, thinner leaves glabrous on the upper surface, smaller heads, 
and fewer involucral bracts with dark tips. The type specimens of Mr. Colenso’s 
G. minutulum are identical with Mr. Petrie’s plant. 
7. G. nitidulum, Hook. f. Handb. N.Z. Fl. 154.—“ A small 
densely tufted species, covered with appressed silky shining yellow- 
ish tomentum. Leaves closely imbricated at their bases, above 
spreading, flat, tin. long, linear, obtuse; lower 4 membranous, 
glabrous, upper 2 densely silky. Heads terminal, solitary, large, 
4in. broad, on very short slender peduncles; involucral scales in 2 
series, erect, linear, hyaline, shining, with pale erect tips; florets not 
seen.’’—Kirk, Students’ Fl. 299. 
Sour Isuanp: ‘‘ Nelson Mountains, Sinclair; Clarence and Wairau Val- 
leys, alt. 3500 ft., Travers.” 
