436 SAPOTACE. [Stderoxylon. 
and polished, bony, elliptical, curved.— Kirk, Forest Fl. t. 133. 
Sapota costata, dA. D.C. im D.C. Prodr. viii. 175; Hook. f. Fl. Nov. 
Zel. i. 174; Handb. N.Z. Fl. 186. Achras costata, Hndl. Prodr. 
Fl. Ins. Norfl. 49; A. Cunn. Precur. n. 404; Raoul, Choia, 44. 
A. novo-zealandica, F’. Muell. Fragm. ix. 72. 
Norru Istanp: Islands and rocky headlands from the North Cape to the 
Hast Cape and Tolago Bay, not common. Ascends to 1500ft. on the Little 
Barrier Island. Tawapou. 
Also on Norfolk Island, where the flowers are said to be uniformly penta- 
merous, while in New Zealand they are chiefly tetramerous, especially the 
females. The wood is hard, white, and durable; and the bony seeds were for- 
merly used for necklaces by the Maoris. 
Ornprr XLVI] OLEACEA. 
Trees or shrubs, often climbing. Leaves opposite, very rarely 
alternate, simple or 3-foliolate or pinnate, entire or toothed; stipules 
wanting. Flowers regular, hermaphrodite or unisexual, usually in 
axillary or terminal cymes or panicles or racemes, rarely clustered. 
Calyx inferior, usually small; limb 4—5-toothed or -lobed or wanting. 
Corolla hypogynous, gamopetalous and 4-5-partite, or of 4 free 
petals, sometimes wanting (always so in the New Zealand species). 
Stamens 2, inserted on the corolla or hypogynous ; filaments usually 
short; anthers large, 2-celled. Ovary superior, 2-ceiled; style 
short or long; stigma entire or lobed; ovules usually 2 in each 
cell, seldom more, attached to the inner angle. Fruit a drupe or 
berry, or a 2-valved loculicidal capsule, 2-celled, or by abortion 
1-celled. Seeds solitary or 2 in each cell, erect or pendulous ; 
albumen present or absent; embryo straight, radicle inferior or 
superior. 
An order of about 20 genera and almost 300 species, widely spread through 
most temperate and tropical regions. From an economical point of view it is 
chiefly important from including the well-known olive, which yields the most 
valuable of vegetable oils. The various kinds of jasmines and the lilac are 
common garden-plants belonging to the order. The New Zealand genus is 
mainly found in the north temperate zone, but also occurs in South Africa, 
Norfolk Island, and Australia. 
1. OLEA, Linn. 
Trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite, entire or rarely toothed. 
Flowers small, hermaphrodite or unisexual, in axillary or terminal 
panicles. Calyx small, 4-toothed or -lobed. Corolla with a short 
tube and 4 induplicate-valvate lobes, wanting in the New Zealand 
species. Stamens 2, rarely 4, epipetalous or hypogynous ; filaments 
short; anthers oblong. Ovary 2-celled; style short; stigma obtuse, 
capitate or 2-lobed; ovules 2 in each cell, pendulous or laterally 
attached. Fruit a drupe; endocarp bony or crustaceous. Seeds 
solitary or rarely 2; albumen fleshy; radicle superior. 
