568 LABIATH. [ Mentha. 
spikes. Calyx campanulate or tubular, 5-toothed, throat naked or 
villous. Corolla-tube short, not exceeding the calyx ; limb 4-lobed ; 
lobes nearly equal or the upper one broader. Stamens 4, equal, 
erect, distant ; filaments glabrous; anther-cells 2, parallel. Style 
shortly bifid. Nutlets dry, ovoid, smooth, not bordered. 
A widely spread genus, most abundant in Europe and northern Asia, where 
the species are highly variable and difficult of discrimination. The single New 
Zealand species is found nowhere else. Several of the European species have 
established themselves as weeds or garden-escapes, especially the pennyroyal 
(M. pulegium), corn-mint (M. arvensis), peppermint (M. piperita), and spear- 
mint ( M. viridis}. Descriptions of these will be found in any English Flora. 
1. M. Cunninghamii, Benth. in D.C. Prodr. xii. 174.—A fragrant 
perennial herb. Rhizome slender, wiry, prostrate, much branched. 
often matted; stems numerous from the rhizome, diffusely 
branched, pubescent, 2-12in. long. Leaves shortly petiolate or 
nearly sessile, 1-4in. long, broadly ovate or almost orbicular, 
obtuse, entire or with an obscure notch on each side, glandular- 
dotted. Flowers small, white, axillary, usually solitary but some- 
times 2-3 in each axil; peduncles slender, variable in length. 
Calyx about $in. long, tubular-campanulate, densely hairy; teeth 
villous within. Corolla-lobes almost equal, flat, spreading, upper 
one shortly bifid. Stamens equalling the corolla or slightly ex- 
serted. — Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. i. 205; Handb. N.Z. Fil. 225. 
M. consimilis, Col. in Trans. N.Z. Inst. xviii. (1886) 264. Micro- 
meria Cunninghamii, Benth. Lab. Gen. et Sp. 730; A. Cunn. Precur. 
n. 391; Raoul, Choi, 438. 
Norts anp SoutH Isnanps, CHATHAM Is~tANDS: Abundant throughout, in 
rather dry open grassy places. Sea-level to 4500 ft. 
2. SCUTELLARIA, Linn. 
Annual or perennial herbs or undershrubs. Flowers solitary or 
in pairs, axillary or in terminal racemes or spikes. Calyx campanu- 
late, 2-lipped ; lips entire, closed in fruit, the upper one bearing on 
its back a broad concave deciduous scale. Corolla-tube long, 
dilated above; limb 2-lipped, the upper one concave, entire or 
emarginate, the lower convex, dilated, 3-lobed. Stamens 4, didy- 
namous; anthers conniving in pairs, ciliate, lower 1l-celled, upper 
2-celled. Upper lobe of the style very short. Nutlets small, 
granular-tuberculate or smooth. 
A large genus of about 100 species, found in most parts of the world, but 
most abundant in America. The New Zealand species is endemic, but is 
closely allied to the Australian S. hwmilis, R. Br. 
1. S. novee-zealandize, Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. ii. 335.—Stems 
slender, creeping and rooting at the base, erect or ascending above, 
sparingly branched, sparsely pilose or almost glabrous, 5-15 in. high. 
Leaves in distant pairs, on slender petioles 4-$in. long; blade 
