Hxocarpus. | SANTALACE. 625 
anthers adnate, 2-celled, longitudinally dehiscent. Dise flat, thick, 
sinuately 4-6-lobed. Ovary superior, fleshy, conic; stigma small, 
‘sessile, entire or obscurely lobed. Fruit a nut or drupe seated on 
the enlarged and often succulent and coloured pedicel. Seed erect ; 
testa thin ; albumen copious; embryo minute, cylindric. 
Species 16, 9 of which are found in Australia, one of them extending to the 
Malay Archipelago. The remaining 7 are found in Lord Howe Island, Norfolk 
Island, New Zealand, the Sandwich Islands, and Madagascar. 
1. BE. Bidwillii, Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. i. 223, t. 52.—A small 
much-branched rigid procumbent shrub 6-24in. high; branches 
ascending, short, stiff, terete, deeply furrowed. Leaves reduced 
to minute triangular scales, alternate, persistent. Flowers minute, 
arranged in short and stout 4-10-flowered spikes springing from the 
axils of the scale-like leaves; rhachis pubescent, excavated at the 
insertion of each flower; bract minute. Perianth-segments usually 
5, but sometimes 4 or 6. Stamens the same number; filaments 
short. Nut oblong, black, about 4in. long, peduncle much enlarged 
and thickened, often red and succulent, the perianth-segments per- 
sistent under the fruit.—Handb. N.Z. Fl. 246. 
Sourn Istanp: Not uncommon in the mountains of Nelson, Marlborough, 
Canterbury, and northern Otago. 1000-4000 ft. December-February. 
Orper LXXIV. BALANOPHORE®. 
Low-growing fleshy leafless or scaly root-parasites. Stem reduced 
toa tuberous globular or misshapen often lobed rhizome. Peduncles 
short or long, thick, naked or clothed with scattered or imbricate 
seales. Flowers moncecious or dicecious, minute, crowded in 
spadix-like heads at the top of the peduncles. Male flowers : 
Perianth wanting or of 3-6 valvate lobes. Stamens 1-3, rarely 
more; filaments free or connate into a tube or column; anthers 
2-many-celled. Female flowers: Perianth wanting or adnate to 
the ovary; limb absent or minutely toothed. Ovary ovoid or 
globose, 1-3-celled; styles 1-2, long or short or almost absent ; 
stigmas simple or capitellate, sometimes sessile and discoid ; ovules 
solitary in each cell, pendulous, anatropous. Fruit a minute 
crustaceous or coriaceous 1-seeded utricle or nut. Seed adherent 
to the pericarp, albuminous; embryo most minute. 
A small but very remarkable order of fleshy root-parasites, chiefly tropical 
in its distribution, but nowhere plentiful. Genera, 14; species, 35. 
1. DACTYLANTHUS, Hook. f. 
A root-parasite. Rhizome usually subterranean, perennial, hard 
and woody, rounded or amorphous, often irregularly lobed, surface 
rough with small tubercles or warts. Flowering-stems or peduncles 
annual, numerous, crowded, clavate, clothed throughout with im- 
