742 PANDANEZ. | Freycinetia. 
Nort Istanp: Abundant in forests from the North Cape to the Hast Cape 
and Taranaki, less plentiful from thence southwards to Wellington. SourH 
IsuanpD: Lowland districts in Nelson and Marlborough, and along the West 
Coast from Collingwood to Cage and Milford Sound, not common. Sea- 
level to 2500 ft. Kiekie; Tawhara (the edible bracts); Urewre (the fruit). 
September—November ; ripe fruit in May. 
The leaves are occasionally plaited into kits or baskets by the Maoris. The 
white fleshy bracts surrounding the spadices are sweet and sugary, with an 
aromatic flavour, and are often eaten ; the fruit less commonly so. I have seen 
no description of #’. inclinans, Benn. Pl: Jay. Rar. i. 32, said to be foundin 
New Zealand. 
OrpER LXXXVI. _TYPHACEA. 
Marsh or water planis, with creeping rhizomes, solid cylindrical 
stems, and long linear leaves sheathing at the base. Flowers 
minute, moncecious, densely crowded in globose or cylindric spikes 
or spadices, male spadices always uppermost. Perianth either 
wanting or of minute scales or hairs. Male flowers: Stamens 
1--7 ; filaments slender, distinct or connate ; anthers basifixed, erect, 
linear or oblong. Female flowers: Ovary superior, sessile or 
stalked, 1- or rarely 2-celled; styles as many as the cells, linear, 
persistent; stigma unilateral, papillose; ovules solitary. Fruit dry 
or spongy, indehiscent. Seed solitary, pendulous; albumen copious, 
fleshy or farinaceous ; embryo terete, axile. 
A small order, cosmopolitan in its distribution, consisting of the 2 genera 
found in New Zealand and from 20 to 25 species. 
Flowers in dense cylindric spikes, the females enveloped in 
soft downy hairs .. be a ap oo) La yeas 
Flowers in globose heads. Perianth of linear scales .. 2. SPARGANIUM. 
1. TYPHA, Linn. 
Tall reed-like marsh or aquatic herbs. Leaves all radical, long, 
linear, erect, spongy. Flowers moncecious, densely crowded in a 
terminal cylindrical spike furnished with a few deciduous spatha- 
ceous bracts; spikes either continuous or separated into two dis- 
tinct parts by a broad or narrow interval, the upper portion male, 
the lower female. Male flowers of 1-7 stamens intermixed with 
capillary membranous scales; filaments short or long, distinct or 
connate ; anthers linear-oblong, basifixed, 4-celled, longitudinally 
dehiscent ; connective produced at the tip. Female flowers with 
or without a linear-spathulate bracteole at the base. Ovary long- 
stalked, the stalk furnished with numerous silky hairs, 1- -celled, 
narrowed into a slender style; stigma unilateral, linguiform or 
spathulate ; ovule solitary, pendulous. Fruit very minute, fusiform 
or narrow-ovoid; pericarp membranous or coriaceous, at length 
laterally dehiscent. Seed the same shape as the pericarp; albumen 
farinaceous ; embryo axile. 
Species 9 or 10, spread over most temperate and tropical regions. 
