Cladiwm. | CYPERACEA. 789 
angled, smooth, wiry, rigid, 9-18in. high. Leaves 1 or 2 like the 
stems, 2-10 in. long, sometimes reduced to sheathing scales. 
Panicle contracted into a dense oblong spike-like head 4-4 in. long, 
subtended by a rigid sheathing bract terminated by a subulate 
erect point. Spikelets few, densely compacted, tin. long, 1- 
flowered. Glumes 5-6, ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate. 
coriaceous, puberulous, the termina] one subtending the flower, 
the remainder all empty. Hypogynous scales 6, small, white, 
triangular, connate into a 6-lobed cup. Stamens 3.  Style- 
branches 3. Nut broadly oblong, obtusely trigonous, smooth, red- 
brown; beak short, Ovoid-conic, pubescent.—Vauthiera australis, 
A. Rich. Fl. Nouv. Zel. 107, t. 20; A. Cunn. Precur. n. 276; 
Raoul, Choix, 40. Lepidosperma australe, Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. 
i. 279. lL. tetragonum, Hook. f. Handb. N.Z. Fl. 307 (not of Labuili.). 
Nort AnD SoutH IsuAnps, Stewart IsutAND : Not uncommon throughout. 
Sea-level to 2000 ft. November—January. 
This differs from Lepidosperma, to which it was referred by Hooker, in 
always wanting the sterile flower below the fruit-bearing one. I have followed 
Mr. Clarke’s suggestion in placing it in Cladiwm, notwithstanding the presence 
of hypogynous bristles. It is endemic in New Zealand. 
10. C. capillaceum, C. B. Clarke, MS.—Rhizome short, creep- 
ing. Stems densely tufted, very slender, filiform, wiry, terete, finely 
striate, 9-18in. high. Leaves reduced to a single closely appressed 
purplish-red sheath, usually with a very minute erect scale-like 
lamina at the tip. Panicle terminal, very small, slender, 4~-3in. 
long, of from 3 to 7 spikelets. Spikelets narrow, obscurely dis- 
tichous, $-t+in. long, 1-flowered. Glumes usually 5, ovate-lanceo- 
late, awned, membranous, the 3 outer empty. Stamens 3. Style- 
branches 3. Nut oblong-ovoid, 3-ribbed, pale, smooth, crowned 
by the long and narrow pubescent style-base, which is as long 
as the nut itself.—Chzetospora capillacea, Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii. 
81, t. 1414 (not of Nees). C. capillaris, F’. Muell. Fragm. Phyt. 
Austral. ix. 34. Elynanthus capillaceus, Benth. Fl. Austral. vii. 
377. Schoenus capillaris, #’. Muell. Second Census Austral. Pl. 215. 
S. tenuis, Kirk in Trans. N.Z. Inst. i. ed. ii. (1871) 94. 
NortH Istanp: From the North Cape southwards, not uncommon. 
Souru Isnanp: Near Westport, Townson ! Sea-level to 2000 ft. December-— 
February. 
Also found in Victoria and Tasmania. The narrow elongated persistent 
style-base gives the nut a different appearance to that of any other New Zealand 
species. 
10. LEPIDOSPERMA, Labill. 
Perennial herbs. Stems stout, leafy at the base, often flat 
or compressed. Leaves similar to the stems, sheathing at the base. 
Inflorescence a terminal panicle, either long and much branched, or 
