810 CYPERACER. | Caren. 
1. C. pyrenaica, Wahi. in Vet. Akad. Nya Handl. Stockh. 
(1803) 139.—Culms slender, densely tufted, leafy at the base, 
2-9in. high, rarely more. Leaves numerous, longer or shorter 
than the culms, flat, grassy, ,-;,in. broad, grooved beneath ; 
margins scabrid. Spikelet solitary, terminal, dark chestnut-brown, 
4-8in. long, oblong or elliptic-oblong, densely many-flowered ; 
male flowers at the top; bract wanting or very short. Glumes 
membranous, deciduous; of the female flowers ovate or ovate- 
oblong, acute or obtuse, shorter than the utricle; of the males 
narrower, linear-oblong, subacute. Utricle stipitate, lanceolate 
or almost fusiform, gradually narrowed into an obliquely bifid beak, 
unequally biconvex or almost plano-convex, smooth, spreading or 
reflexed when ripe. Styles usually 2 in New Zealand examples, 
usually 3 in Huropean or American. Nut oblong, lenticular— 
Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. i. 280; Handb. N.Z. Fl. 312; Boott, Ill. Car. 
iv. 148, t. 475, 476; Cheesem. in Trans. N.Z. Inst. xvi. (1884) 424. 
Nortu Istanp: Ruahine Mountains, Colenso! H. W. Andrews! SoutH 
Istanp: Nelson—Mount Arthur, Mount Peel, Raglan Mountains, T. &. C. 
Canterbury—Mountains above Arthur’s Pass, Mount Dobson Range, Mount 
Cook district, 7. #. C. Westland—Kelly’s Hill, Petrie! Otago—Mountains 
of the Lake district, Buchanan! common on the higher mountains of the 
central and western districts, Petrie ! 3500-6500 ft. December—March. 
Also in Europe, Japan, and western North America from Alaska to Utah. 
2. C. acicularis, Boott in Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. i. 280, t. 63c.— 
Culms slender, strict, wiry, terete, denselv tufted, leafy at the base, 
1-6in. high. Leaves shorter than the culms or equalling them, 
narrow, strict, rigid, straight or curved, almost terete, grooved down 
the front, obtuse and slightly scabrid at the tip. Spikelet small, soli- 
tary, terminal, 4-4 in. long, broadly ovoid, red-brown, few- flowered ; 
females 2-8 ; males 2—4 at the top of the spikelet. Glumes lanceo- 
late or ovate-lanceolate, acute or the lower ones awned, keel green 
or pale-brown. Utricle shortly stipitate, lanceolate, narrowed 
above into a rather long beak, obtusely triquetrous; beak serrate, 
obliquely bifid at the tip. Styles 38, seldom 2. Nut pale, tri- 
gonous.—Boott Jil. Car. iv. 157, t. 508, f. 2; Hook. f. Handb. N.Z. 
Fl. 312; Benth, Fl. Austral. vii. 4837; Cheesem. in Trans. N.Z. 
Inst. xvi. (1884) 424. CC. Archeri, Boott in Hook. f. Fi. Tasm. ii. 
98, t. 150; Ill. Car. iv. 156, t. 508, f. 3. C.imconspicua, Col. in 
Trans. N.Z. Inst. xxviii. (1896) 612. 
NortH Isranp: Mount Hikurangi, Adams and Petrie! Tongariro, Herb. 
Colenso! Ruahine Mountains, Colenso! Olsen! EH. W. Andrews! SoutH 
IstanD: Not uncommon on the mountains of Nelson, Canterbury, and 
Westland. Otago—Mountains above Lake Harris, Kirk! Old Man Range, 
Petrie! 2500-5000 ft. December—March. 
Easily distinguished from C. pyrenaica by the strict nearly terete leaves, 
smaller few-flowered spikelet, and erect subulate bract. It is also found in 
Victoria and Tasmania. 
